DOMESDAY SURVEY 



every hundred was a market town. Ellis, by a strange mistranslation, adds a 

 market in Colney.^ 



The human live stock of the Domesday manor in Norfolk is divided 

 into the usual three classes of villeins, bordars, and serfs.^ They differ from 

 the freemen and sokemen in being reckoned as appurtenant to the estate, with 

 the ploughs and the cattle. To specify the exact extent of the servitude of 

 these three classes would be very difficult, but we may regard them all as, 

 in a sense, adscript! glebed, and all dependent for such rights as they possess 

 on the manor court. The villeins at least have their virgates or half vir- 

 gates of land and their oxen ; the bordars may be supposed to have their 

 cottages and curtilages.^ Of the serfs we know next to nothing, but we 

 seem to trace some numerical connexion between them and the plough-teams, 

 and we know that they were slaves in a sense in which the others were 

 not. As the effect of the Conquest on the relative numbers of these three 

 classes is so decidedly marked in Essex,* it may be worth while to set out the 

 pre-Conquest and post-Conquest ' states ' of a few manors in Norfolk also. 

 In many cases there is no change recorded, so that the selection of instances 

 is a little difficult. 



ROYAL MANORS 



