A HISTORY OF NORFOLK 



altar of the cathedral at Avignon, the whole body of cardinals attending 

 except one detained by illness.' 



The history of the career of William Bateman makes it less surprising 

 than it would otherwise be, that when in 1350 he founded his college of 

 Trinity Hall,^ Cambridge, he, a bishop, should have designed it only for 

 students of canon and civil law. Another Norfolk, college had been 

 instituted in 1348, when Edmund Gonvile, rector of Terrington, had 

 obtained licence to make an endowment for twenty fellows in honour of the 

 Annunciation. Gonvile died before his foundation was fully established, and 

 Bishop Bateman carried out his scheme, removing the college to its present 

 site, and substituting for Gonvile's statutes a selection from those of Trinity 

 Hall, by which the requirement of an almost exclusively theological training 

 was abolished. On 17 September, 1353, the bishop, as founder of the two 

 societies, ratified an agreement of fraternal affection and mutual help between 

 the colleges, precedence, however, being assigned to Trinity.' In 1350 

 Corpus Christi was founded, and as years went on, received so many 

 benefactions from Norfolk donors, that in Archbishop Parker's time a number 

 of its fellowships were restricted to Norfolk scholars. 



One way in which the services of the beneficed clergy were supple- 

 mented * was by the foundation of chantries. These began to be generally 

 founded in the thirteenth century, though some were provided even earlier, 

 and they continued a very popular form of foundation until the Reformation. 

 Most of the larger parish churches contained one or more chantry altars with 

 their special vestments and vessels and attendant priests, who took part also in 

 the ordinary services of the church, and some of the religious houses main- 

 tained them too. Their endowments were often very rich. Chantries and 

 free chapels, distinct from those in parish churches, had begun to be founded 

 also in outlying parishes, and in the fourteenth century, when they had 

 become everywhere more common, they were particularly numerous in 

 Norfolk. The Black Death may have contributed to this result, and the 

 papal calendars from the year 1349^ show a largely increased demand in 

 Norfolk, not only for licences to found chantries, but also for portable altars, 

 and a great increase of applications for plenary remission at the hour of death. 

 The free chapel dedicated to the honour of St. Thomas at Tylney * was 

 founded by Sir Thomas de Ingaldesthorp in the time of King John ; a free 

 chapel dedicated to the honour of St. Margaret, called the Pilgrim's Chapel, 

 was founded by Sir John de Caily before 1207 at Hilburgh ; ^ the chapel and 

 chantry in Caley's lordship dedicated to the honour of St. Mary, was founded 

 by Jeffrey de Heacham at Smithden in 1248 ; ° a free chapel dedicated to the 

 honour of St. Andrew or St. Mary was founded by Sir Thomas de Gelham, 

 and licensed by the prior of Bynham, at Dersingham, in 1264;' a free chapel 

 and chantry dedicated to the honour of All Saints was founded at Gissing in 



'Robert of Boston, Chron. Angl. (Rolls Ser.), 135. Cal. Papai Petitions, i, 246-7 shows him in 

 '35 3 petitioning for further appointments for his underwritten nephews, Henry de VVinterton, skilled in the 

 law, rur.il dein of Lynn ; John de Wintcrton, rurjl dean of Hengham ; William de Winterton, rural dean of 

 Sudbiiry ; Henry de Brandon, rural dean of Ingworth ; and for his domestic chaplain, William de Honyngg, 

 and his clerk, Wm. Rede of Tudenham, B.C.L. 



' Dedicated to the ' Holy Trinity of Norwich,' i.e. the cathedral dedication. 



' Cooper, Memorials of Cambridge, i, 99. ' Stephen, Hist, of the Engl. Ch., iii, 271. 



' See Preface, Cal. Pafal Letters, iii, vi. « Tajlor, InJex Momsticus, 67. 



' Ibid. 5 Ibid. ' Ibid. 



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