appe:ndix. Ixxi 



their chief dependence is on husbandry, they may fairly be designated 

 the farmers of the hills. 



Then* language is principally the Carnataca, having but a small inter- 

 mixture of the Toda. The Todas, who also know as little as we do, in 

 general, of the existence of any difference of caste among themselves, 

 call them all Marvs, their term for a labourer. 



But to return to that tribe which is the least in number of all the 

 inhabitants of the hills, the Todas, or as they are more commonly called 

 the Toruwars, a name given to them by the other tribes, or rather by 

 natives of the plain, and which is not in use among themselves. They 

 call themselves ( par excellence ) Man : and the question, " Is that a 

 Burgher, or a Toda ?" would with them be Uterally, " Is that a labourer, 

 or a man ?" 



They are divided into two branches, or what may be considered two 

 grand famihes. One called Peikis, or Tai'alis, and who are competent 

 to hold all sacred offices ; the other Kutas, or Tardas, who are compe- 

 tent only to hold minor ones within their own particular families, and 

 who may be considered as the lay class. 



TiU within the last few generations, these two branches kept them- 

 selves quite distinct, and never intermarried ; but since that period, 

 intermarriages have taken place, and the progeny of these are called 

 Mookhs, a general term for children or descendants. 



