INTERNATIONAL DISCOVERIES 15 



were no more search-parties either for Caspar or Miguel. 

 Portugal had already passed the Cape of Cood Hope (1497) 

 and annexed Brazil (1500); and the heirs of the Cortereals 

 found it easier to stay at home, and rule their domain in 

 * Terra Nova ', in the same way as their neighbour, the * aery 

 burgomaster ' of ' the Seven Cities ' of mediaeval myth, ruled 

 his. They still enjoyed the empty title in 1567. However, it 

 is not with the Cortereals, but with Joao Fernandes, that we 

 are concerned. 



In 1 50 1 Joao Fernandes and two other Portuguese joined so did other 

 three Bristol merchants, named Ashhurst, Warde, and Thomas, und^f^^^^ 

 and obtained from Henry VII a patent resembling Cabot's England, 

 patent, but only conferring monopolies for a term of ten years ^ ' 

 or less, and containing powers to wage defensive wars. 

 These two new features characterized every subsequent 

 English patent, which related to Newfoundland. In 1502 a 

 second similar Anglo-Portuguese patent was granted to Eliot, 

 a sheriff of Bristol, and three of the former associates. 

 Anglo-Portuguese undertakings of a somewhat similar cha- 

 racter were in vogue in East Africa during the sixteenth 

 century, and the method of running adverse claimants in 

 double harness was afterwards pursued in Acadia, and, during 

 the Great Rebellion, in England. The results of the Anglo- 

 Portuguese experiments are chronicled in the king's account- 

 books, according to which £33 or so was disbursed to Bristol 

 and Portuguese merchants, who went to ' The Newfounde 

 Lande ' or ' Newfounded Island ', and brought back thence (or 

 from Portugal ?) hawks, popinjays *, wild cats, and mountain 

 cats ^, in order to gladden the English king, even as Caspar 

 Cortereal sent back slaves and timber in order to gladden 

 the Portuguese king.^ 



After the Portuguese and Anglo-Portuguese episodes maps after which 

 of North-east America assume something like their present ^^^J^A.°'^ 



1 = Parrots. 2 = Martens. 



^ S. Bentley, Excerpta Historica, 1831, pp. 126, 129, 131 bis^, 133. 



