IMPERFECT COLONIZATION 33 



lives of the fishing school had urged, but they also uttered deeper than 



thef ' * 

 cult. 



distinctive notes of their own, none of which could have been ^^^fi^^^^^s. 



uttered by mere advocates of distant fishing, and some of 

 which ring across the centuries with a strangely modern 

 sound. Thus pauperism and crime were indirectly* or 

 directly attributed to ' superabounding multitudes V^ ' super- 

 fluous numbers V^ 'general populousness V* 'overflowing 

 multitudes ',^^ and ' the o'erpeopled kingdom '}^ The people 

 swarmed ' as young bees in a hive in June ', and the 'mightier 

 thrust the weaker out V*^^ so that colonization was like a fact 

 of natural history. England was ' full ' and must be * dis- 

 burthened V°'^® so that colonization was a social duty. Else- 

 where, * Ireland was crying for colonists and the solitudes of 

 Virginia for inhabitants,' ^^ and ' God did create land to the 

 end that it should by culture yield things necessary for man's 

 life '.^ ' Transmigration ' ' by coloni ' who ' have need of a 



4. C. Carleill, BrieJ Discourse upon the intended voyage to the 

 hithermost parts of America^ ib., p. 134, 1583. 



5. Sir W.Ralegh, Letters passim, in E. Edwards's Life of Ralegh ^ 

 2 vols., ob, i6t8. 



6. W. Symonds, Sermon, cited in Edw. D. Neill, English Coloniza^ 

 tion of America, pp. 28-31, 1609. 



7. Capt. John Smith, Description of New England, in Dr. Arber, 

 English Scholars^ Library, vol. xvi, 161 6, 



8. Sir R. Whitbourne, Discourse and Discovery of Newfoundland, 

 1620. 



9. Short Discourse of the Nezvfoundland, dedicated to Lord Falk- 

 land, 1623. 



10. Sir W. Alexander, Earl of Stirling, Encouragement to Colonies, 

 1624. 



11. Virginia's Verger, in Purchas, Pilgrims, vol. xix, p. 218, 1625. 



12. Sir R. Gordon, of Lochinvar, Encouragements for . . . tinder- 

 takers . . . in Cape Briton, 1625. 



13. Lord Bacon, Essay on Plantations, 1625, and see S. R. 

 Gardiner, History of England, 1603-42, vol. i, p. 333 note. 



14. Sir W. Vaughan, Golden Fleece transplanted from Camhrioll 

 Colchos, by Orpheus junior, 1626. 



15. R. Hayman, Quodlibets lately come over from New Britaniola 

 Old Newfoundland, 162%. ^ 



16. Rev. John White (?), Planters Plea, 1630. 



17. Sir Ferdinando Gorges, Letters passim. See Prince Society 

 Publications, Boston, U.S., 1890: Sir F. Gorges, 3 vols., ed. by 

 J. P. Baxter. 



