ARALIACE^. (GINSENG FAMILY.) 121 



17. HERACLEUM, L. Cow PARSNIP. 



Calyx-teeth small or obsolete. Disk undulate ; stylopodium conical. Fruit 

 orbicular or elliptical ; oil-tubes 2 on the commissure : seed flat and thin. 

 Leaves ample, compound : umbels many-rayed : involucels many-leaved. 



1. H. lanatum, Miehx. A very large strong-scented plant, 4 to 8 feet 

 high, woolly : stem grooved : leaves 1 to 2-ternately compound ; leaflets 

 somewhat heart-shaped. From Colorado to British America and eastward 

 to the Atlantic ; also in California. 



18. ARC HE MOB A, DC. COWBANE. 



Calyx 5-toothed. Fruit oval, flattish ; ribs approximated and equidistant 

 on the convex back ; oil-tubes 4 to 6 on the commissure. Leaves pinnate, 

 with 3 to 9 lanceolate or linear leaflets : involucels of numerous small leaflets. 



1. A. Fendleri, Gray. Root fasciculate-tuberose; tubers 3 to 4, about 

 an inch long : stem simple, 1 to 2 feet high : leaflets of the radical and lower 

 cauline leaves ovate or oblong, all incisely serrate throughout : fruit hardly 

 2 lines long. PL FendL 56. Colorado and New Mexico. 



19. FERULA, L. 



Calyx-teeth obsolete. Disk small and stylopodium depressed. Fruit 

 oblong-elliptical or nearly orbicular. Smooth, nearly acaulescent peren- 

 nials, with thick fusiform roots : leaves pinnately decompound : flowers 

 yellow, in many-rayed umbels. 



1. !P. multifida, Gray. Stems 1^ to 2 feet high, stout, naked or with 

 1 or 2 leaves : segments of the 3 to 4-pinnate leaves incisely piunatifid, with 

 narrow or linear lobes: flowers dull yellow or brownish. Proc. Am. Acad. 

 vii. 348. In the Wahsatch, W. Montana, Idaho, and Oregon. 



20. POLYTJENIA, 1 DC. 



Calyx 5-toothed. Fruit oval, very flat; many oil-tubes in the corky margin. 



A smooth herb, with 2-pinnate leaves, the uppermost opposite and 3-cleft : 

 iuvolucels bristly : flowers bright yellow. 



1. P. Nuttallii, DC. Plant 2 or 3 feet high, with rather a stout sulcate 

 stem which is usually scabrous and leafy : leaves mostly on long petioles, the 

 segments pinnately incised or toothed : fruit 3 lines long, entire at each end. 



Plains of the Platte and eastward to Indiana and Louisiana. 



ORDER 37. ARALIACE^E. (GINSENG FAMILY.) 



Like Umbettiferce, bnt the umbels not regularly compound, stems apt 

 to be woody, styles and carpels more than two, and the fruit fleshy 

 (berry-like or drupaceous). 



1. Aralia. Petals imbricated. Ovary 2 to 5-celled. Pedicels jointed. Ours not prickly. 



2. Fatsia. Petals valvate. Ovary 2 to 3-celled. Pedicels not jointed. Very prickly 



throughout. 



1 The introduced Daitcus Carota, L., may he known by its bristly stem, pinnatifid invo- 

 lucre which equals the dense and concave umbel, white or cream-colored flowers, the central 

 one of each umbellet being abortive and dark purple. 



