142 COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 



2. V. Jamesii, Torr. & Gray. Glabrous or nearly so, a foot or two high : 

 leaves linear-lanceolate or linear, like those of narrowest forms of the last, but 

 smaller and less or obsoletely denticulate : heads few or numerous in a loose 

 and open corymbiform cyme, all pedunculate: involucre (4 or 5 lines high) 15 

 to 25-flowered ; its bracts all or mostly obtuse. Fl. ii. 94. Plains of Ne- 

 braska and Arkansas to W. Texas and E. New Mexico. 



2. ETJPATORIUM, Tourn. THOROUGHWORT. 



Herbs or shrubby, commonly with opposite leaves, mostly resinous- atoiu- 

 iferous and bitter ; the small heads corymbosely cymose or paniculate. 

 * Involucre imbricated, the outer bracts successively shorter: herbs. 

 t- Heads 5 to IQ-jlowered: leaves verticillate. 



1. E. purpureum, L. From pubescent to nearly glabrous: stem 

 simple, 3 to 9 feet high : leaves commonly 3 to 6 in a whorl, from oval-ovate 

 to oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, coarsely serrate, reticulate-veiny, the base 

 narrowed into a short petiole : cymes polycephaloue, compound-corymbose 

 and numerous : involucre whitish and flesh-colored : flowers dull flesh-color or 

 purple, rarely almost white. From the Sierra Nevada, eastward across the 

 continent. Known as " Joe-Pye Weed " and " Trumpet Weed." Varies 

 exceedingly; the commonest form being 



Var. maculatum, Darl. Stem 3 to 4 feet high, often roughish-pubescent, 

 commonly purple, striate or sulcate : leaves somewhat rugose : inflorescence 

 more compact. 



H- -t- Heads W to 20-flowered : leaves opposite. 



2. E. Bruneri, Gray. Minutely puberulent, a foot or two high : leaves 

 acutely sen-ate, ovate-oblong, 2 or 3 inches long, very short-petioled : paniculate 

 rather slender peduncles bearing 3 or more sessile or short-peduncled heads : in- 

 volucre campanulate, at least 2Q-Jlowered, of comparatively few obscurely 

 striate obtuse bracts ; the outer oval, puberulent ; inner ones scarious and 

 glabrous, flesh-color : akenes glabrous. Synopt. Fl. i. 96. Damp ground, in 

 the Rocky Mountains at Fort Collins, N. Colorado, Dr. Bruner. 



3. E. perfoliatum, L. Stem 2 to 4 feet high, villous-pubescent, fasti- 

 giately branched above, stout : leaves lanceolate, connate-per foliate, tapering 

 gradually to an acuminate apex, finely and closely crenate-serrate, rugose, soft- 

 pubescent, or almost tomentose beneath, 4 to 8 inches long : heads small but 

 very numerous, in dense compound-corymbose cymes, mostly 1 Q-fiowered : 

 bracts of the involucre linear-lanceolate, with slightly scarious acutish tips. 

 From Dakota, within the N. E. limit of our range, to Louisiana and eastward 

 across the continent. Known as " Thoroughwort " and " Boneset." 



* * Involucre of bracts all of the same length or nearlij so, in one or two series: 

 leaves opposite and petioled : shrubs. 



4. E. ageratifolium, DC. Shrub 3 to 7 feet high, with slender and 

 spreading mostly herbaceous branches, green and nearly glabrous : leaves 

 deltoid-ovate, coarsely and rather obtusely dentate, 2 or 3 inches long, slender- 

 petioled : heads pedicelled, numerous in corymbiform cymes, 10 to 30-flowered : 

 involucral bracts 8 bo 12, narrowly lanceolate or linear. E. Berlandieri, DC. 

 From S. Colorado to Texas. 



