COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 163 



2. Tall, 3 to 8 feet high, paniculately poli/cephalous: in low grounds and to the 



south. 



21. A. hesperius, Gray. From nearly glabrous and smooth to scabrous- 

 pubescent : leaves lanceolate, entire or the larger with a few denticulations, 

 2 to 5 inches long, 3 to 8 lines wide : heads rather crowded, 4 or 5 lines high : 

 involucre of narrowly linear or more attenuate erect bracts, either unequal and 

 imbricated, or with some loose and slender exterior ones which equal the 

 inner: rays either white or violet, 3 or 4 lines long Synopt. Fl. i. 192. 

 S. Colorado and New Mexico to Arizona and S. California. Has been taken 

 for A. longifolius, Novi-Belgii, cestivus, etc. 



c. Involucre loose and with conspicuous foliaceous outer bracts, which equal the 

 inner, either ascending or squarrose. 



22. A. foliaceus, Lindl. Smooth and glabrous, or upper part of stem 

 pubescent : leaves from broadly lanceolate to oblong and the lower spatulate ; 

 upper cauline very commonly with partly clasping and sometimes even sub- 

 cordate-auriculate base : heads | inch high : involucre with lanceolate or 

 broadly linear outer bracts : rays violet or purple, in the larger heads nearly 

 inch long. In the Pacific States from California to Alaska, extending 

 eastward into our range under the following forms. 



Var. frondeus, Gray. Stem simple or with sparing erect flowering 

 branches, sparsely leaved: leaves comparatively ample, 4 or 5 inches long; 

 lower tapering into winged petioles, upper often with clasping base : heads 

 solitary or few, naked-pedunculate, broad : involucral bracts linear-lanceolate, 

 loose and not imbricated, all equalling the disk, occasionally the outermost 

 broader and leaf -life. Synopt. Fl. i. 193. A. adscendens, var. Parryi, Eaton. 

 Subalpiue, from the borders of British Columbia to those of Colorado. 



Var. apricus, Gray. Like a dwarf state of the preceding variety, growing 

 in exposed places, somewhat rigid, thicker-leaved : stems ascending from 

 tufted rootstocks, a span or two high, bearing solitary or 2 to 3 broad heads : 

 involucral bracts all alike, somewhat spatulate-linear, obtuse or acutish : rays 

 " deep blue-violet and reddish-purple intermixed." Loc. cit. High moun- 

 tains of Colorado, and in Washington Territory. 



Var. Parryi, Gray. Includes some ambiguous forms, seemingly between 

 the preceding variety and A. Fremonti, with stems a span to a foot high, with 

 smooth and thickish rather large leaves, mostly naked heads ; the involucre 

 sometimes foliaceous-bracteate in the manner of the present species, some- 

 times wholly of the narrow and closer bracts of A. Fremonti. Loc. cit. 

 Mountains of Colorado, subalpine, and S. Wyoming. 



Var. Burkei, Gray. A foot or two high, rather stout, simple or branched 

 above, leafy to the top : leaves thickish, very smooth, ample ; upper cauline 

 mostly oblong, and with broadly half-clasping usually auriculate insertion : 

 heads solitary or several, very broad : involucre of oblong or spatulate and 

 obtuse loosely imbricated bracts, the outer commonly shorter, or outermost 

 sometimes more foliaceous and equalling the disk. Loc. cit. Rocky Moun- 

 tains, Burke ; also in Washington Territory, the Wahsatch, New Mexico, and 

 Arizona. 



Var. Canbyi, Gray. Like the preceding form in foliage, apparently tall 

 and stout (base of stem and lower leaves wanting), leafy throughout the 



