COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 171 



+- -i- - Dwarf or low species, alpine, entire-leaved, cespilose from a multi- 

 cipital caudex, no fine pubescence, monocephalous : leaves few on the simple 

 stems, at least the radical broader than linear : rays numerous and not very 

 narrow: pappus simple or nearly so. 



++ Involucre glabrous but pruinose-glandular, brownish purple : smooth and green. 



12. E. leiomerus, Gray. A span high, smooth and very glabrous: 

 leaves bright green, mainly radical and spatulate, very obtuse, from 2 to 6 

 lines wide ; cauline only 2 or 3 and smaller involucre 3 lines high, close ; 

 the bracts lanceolate and not attenuate : rays about 40, linear, violet, 3 or 4 

 lines long. Synopt. Fl. i. 211. Aster glacialls in Bot. King Exp. Moun- 

 tains of Colorado, Utah, and Nevada. 



w. -M. Involucre hirsute or pubescent, greenish. 



13. E. ursinus, Eaton. A span or two high, loosely cespitose: leaves 

 duller green, mostly smooth and glabrous, but their margins more or less hir- 

 sute-ciliate, spatulate to narrowly oblanceolate ; cauliue ones lanceolate or linear 

 and acute: involucre (3 tines high) and naked summit of flowering stem hirsute- 

 pubescent: rays 40 or 50, purple, narrowly linear, 3 lines long. Bot. King 

 Exp. 148. Alpine and subalpiue, mountains of Wyoming to S. Colorado, 

 Utah, and California. 



14. E. radicatUS, Hook. A span high or less, densely tufted : leaves all 

 spatulate-lmear or somewhat wider, broadest a line or two wide, hirsute or 

 hirsutely citiate, or sometimes almost naked, then glabrous ; no glandular rough- 

 ness: involucre more or less villous-pubescent, barely 3 lines high: rays white 

 oi- purple, 2 or 3 lines long. Alpine or subalpiue, from British America to 

 Wyoming, S. Colorado, and Utah. 



15. E. glandulosus, Porter. Cespitose from a stout caudex, a span to 

 a foot high, rigid, granul one-glandular or glandular-scabrous, and with sparse 

 or hispid hairs, especially on the margins of the leaves : leaves thickish, 

 spatulate to linear-oblanceolate, 1 to 3 inches long : head 4 or 5 lines high : 

 involucre glandular or viscid as well as pubescent: rays 40 or 50, violet or 

 purple, 4 to 6 lines long. Fl. Colorado, 60. Mountains of Colorado. 



4_ ^_ H_ H_ H_ None truly alpine ; with entire leaves, not hispidly hirsute : invo- 

 lucre close, disposed to be imbricated and rigid: rays not very numerous or 

 wanting. 



M- A span or tu-o high : leaves only few and narrow on the simple or sparingly 

 branched stems ; but radical ones with obovate or spatulate blade ^ inch long : 

 rays IS to 30, pale violet or purple: akenes compressed, 2 to 3-nerved: pappus 

 nearly simple. 



16. E. tener, Gray. Canescent with very fine pubescence : stems several 

 from a caudex, weak and ascending, bearing single or 2 or 3 heads : involucre 

 minutely canescent ; its narrow and close bracts unequal, somewhat in 2 or 3 

 ranks : rays 25 to 30. Proc. Am. Acad. xvi. 91. High mountains of Utah 

 and California to those of Wind River, Montana. 



*+ ++ A span 1o near a foot high, cespitose, silver y-canescent, with simple and 

 monocephalous stems: leaves from narrowly spatulate to linear: rays 40 or 



