208 COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 



into a petiole, cauline mostly clasping by a broad subcordate base : heads 3 

 lines high, about 15-flowered: involncral bracts 8 to 10, narrowly oblong. 

 Rocky Mountains, Wyoming, about the sources of the Platte. 



===== Tall, with corymbosely cymose and radiate heads: leaves nearly mem- 



branaceous. 



8. S. triangularis, Hook. Rather stout : stem simple, 2 to 5 feet high, 

 bearing several or somewhat numerous heads in a corymbiform open cyme : 

 leaves all more or less petroled and thickly dentate with more or less salient 

 teeth, deltoid-lanceolate, or the lower triangular-hastate or deltoid-cordate, and 

 uppermost lanceolate with cuneate base: rays 6 to 12. From the Saskatche- 

 wan to Washington Territory and southward in the mountains to Colorado 

 and California. 



9. S. serra, Hook. Strict, 2 to 4 feet high, very leafy, sometimes simple 

 and bearing rather few heads, commonly branching at summit, then bearing 

 numerous corymbosely paniculate smaller heads : leaves 4 to 6 inches long, 

 all lanceolate and tapering to both ends, sessile by a narrow base, or the lowest 

 oblong-spatulate and tapering into a short petiole, usually with the whole margin 

 thickly serrate or serrulate with very acute salient teetli : rays 5 to 8. In the 

 Western Reports principally under the name of S. Andinus. Mountains of 

 Colorado to Idaho and Wyoming. 



Var. integriusculus, Gray. Heads smaller, 3 or 4 lines high, and nar- 

 rower, fewer-flowered : leaves minutely serrate or denticulate, or the upper 

 entire, sometimes all entire or nearly so, generally shorter and smaller, or 

 broader and not acuminate. Synopt. Fl. i. 387. S. Andinus, Nutt. From 

 Wyoming to Oregon and California. 



*+ *-* Stem not numerously but somewhat equably leafy up to the inflorescence : 

 leaves all entire or denticulate: involucre Jleshy-thickened. 



10. S. crassuhlS, Gray. A foot or less high, glabrous: stem 5 to 7- 

 leaved, bearing 3 to 8 pedunculate rather large and thick heads : leaves ob- 

 long-lanceolate, apiculate-acute, 2 to 5 inches long ; radical and lowest cauline 

 spatulate or obovate-oblong, narrowed into a short winged petiole; upper 

 sessile by partly clasping or decurrent base : involucre 40 to 50-flowered, of 12 

 fleshy-thickened but thin-edged bracts, the base also thickened, the whole 

 becoming conical and multangular in fruit : rays about 8. Proc. Am. Acad. 

 xix. 54. S. integemmus, Gray, in part ; 5. lunens, var. Hookeri, Eaton, in part. 

 Subalpine, mountains of Colorado to Utah and Wyoming. 



M- -M. -M- Stems either few-leaved or with the upper leaves reduced in size ; the inflo- 

 rescence therefore naked : none with narrow linear /eaves. 



= Tall and simple-stemmed, with a fibrous cluster of roots : leaves fleshy coria- 

 ceous, all entire or barely denticulate. 



11. S. hydrophilus, Nutt. Very glabrous or smooth : stem robust, 2 to 

 4 feet high, strict : leaves lanceolate ; radical oblanceolate and stout-petioled, 

 sometimes a foot long ; upper c-mline sessile or partly clasping : heads numer- 

 ous in a branching cyme: bracts 8 to 12: di.sk-flowers 15 to 30; rays 3 to 6 

 and small, or none In water or very wet ground, from Colorado and Cali- 

 fornia to Montana and British Columbia. 



