ERICACEAE. (HEATH FAMILY.) 227 



* * Fruit a loculicidal capsule, 5-celled and many-seeded. (In ours the calyx becomes 

 fleshy in fruit, enclosing the small capsules, and hence the fruit resembles a berry.) 



3. Gaultheria. Calyx 5-cleft, its lobes imbricated. Corolla ovate, urn-shaped to cam- 



panulate. Stamens 10 filaments dilated towards the base : anthers usually awned. 

 Capsule deeply umbilicate. 



* * * Fruit a septicidal capsule : anthers destitute of awns or appendages. 



*- Corolla gamopetalous : flowers not from scaly buds, the bracts being leaf-like or coria- 

 ceous : capsule globular. 



4. Bryanthus. Corolla from campanulate to ovoid, 4 to 6-lobed. Stamens 8 to 10, 



straight. Leaves heaih-like, alternate but crowded. 



5. Kalmia. Corolla crateriform or saucer-shaped, 5-lobed, with 10 pouches below the 



limb. Stamens 10 : the short anthers lodged in the corolla pouches in bud, so that 

 in blooming the filaments are strongly recurved. Leaves alternate, opposite, or 

 whorled, flat. 



- *- Corolla polypetalous or very nearly so : flowers from large scaly buds, the scales of 

 bracts caducous : capsule oval or oblong. 



6. Ledum. Calyx 5-lobed or parted, small. Petals oval or obovate, widely spreading. 



Stamens 5 to 10. Leaves evergreen. 



SUBORDER III. PYROLINEJE. 



Calyx free from the ovary. Corolla polypetalous, hypogynous. 

 Anthers erect and extrorse in bud, with an ernarginate or 2-horned 

 base, where each cell opens by a pore; but inverted in anthesis so that 

 the real base with its pores becomes apical. Fruit a loculicidal capsule. 

 Ours are herbs or nearly so, with broad evergreen leaves and a scape 

 naked or nearly so. 



7. Moneses. Flowers solitary, 4 or 5-merous. Petals widely spreading, orbicular. Sta- 



mens 8 or 10 : anthers conspicuously 2-horned. Style straight. Valves of the capsule 

 not woolly on the edges. 



8. Pyrola. Flowers in a raceme, 5-merous. Petals concave or incurved and more or less 



converging. Stamens 10, often declined. Style often declined or turned downward. 

 Valves of the capsule cobwebby on the edges. 



SUBORDER IV. MONOTROPEJ3. 



Flowers nearly as in Suborders II. and III., but the plants herba- 

 ceous, root-parasitic, scaly, entirely destitute of green foliage. 



9. Pterospora. Corolla gamopetalous, 5-toothed. Anthers 2-celled, 2-awned on the 



back, opening lengthwise. 



10. Monotropa. Corolla of 4 or 5 separate narrow petals. Anthers kidney-shaped, the 

 cells more or less confluent, opening across the top. 



1. VACCINIUM, L. BLUEBERRY. BILBERRY. 



Ours all belong to EUVACCINIUM, which has a corolla from ovate to 

 globular and more or less urn-shaped, 4 to 5-toothed, rose-color or nearly 

 white : anthers 2-awned on the back, included : ovary and berry 4 to 5-celled, 

 with no false partitions : leaves deciduous : flowers on drooping pedicels, 

 solitary or 2 to 4 together, developing with or soon after the leaves. 



