290 VERBENACEJ3. (VERVAIN FAMILY.) 



ORDER 58. L/EHTTIBUL4RIACEJE. (BLADDERWORT FAMILY.) 



Herbs, growing in water or wet soil, with scapes or scapiform pedun- 

 cles simple and one to few-flowered, calcarate corolla always and calyx 

 usually bilabiate, a single pair of stamens, conflueutly one-celled anthers 

 contiguous under the broad stigma. 



1. UTRICULARIA, L. * BLADDERWORT. 



Calyx 2-parted or deeply 2-Iobed ; lobes mostly entire, nearly equal : upper 

 lip of strongly bilabiate and more or less personate corolla erect : filaments 

 thick, strongly arcuate-incurved, the base and apex contiguous. Ours are 

 aquatic, with the dissected leaves, branches, and even roots, bearing little 

 bladders, which are furnished with a valvular lid, and commonly tipped with 

 a few bristles at orifice, and yellow flowers. The scapes are leafless, emersed 

 from submersed or floating leafy stems, which are free swimming and mostly 

 rootless in deep water. 



* Pedicels recurved in fruit. 



1. IT. Vlllgaris, L. Stems long and rather stout, densely leafy: leaves 2 

 to 3-pinnateli/ divided, very bladdery : scapes a foot or less long, 5 to IG-flowered: 

 corolla half-inch or more broad, with sides of lips reflexed ; palate prominent : 

 spur conical,, porrect toward the slightly 3-iobed lower lip. From Newfound- 

 land to the Saskatchewan and Texas, and westward across the continent. 



2. U. minor, L. Leaves scattered on the filiform steins, repeatedly dichoto- 

 mous, small, setaceous : scapes slender, 3 to 7 inches high, 2 to 8-floicered: corolla 

 pale yellow, 2 or 3 lines broad, ringent ; palate depressed : spur very short and 

 obtuse. Across the continent. 



* * Pedicels erect in fruit. 



3. TJ. gibba, L. Branches delicate, root-like: leaves sparse, sparingly 

 dissected, capillary, sparingly bladder-bearing : scape filiform, l to 3 inches 

 high, 1 to 2-flowered : corolla 3 lines broad ; the lips broad and rounded : spur 

 thick and conical, shorter than the lower lip and approximate to it. In a 

 subalpine. pond in Colorado, Greene. Also in the Atlantic States. 



ORDER 59. VEBBENACE^E. (VERVAIN FAMILY.) 



Herbs or shrubs, with chiefly opposite or verticillate leaves, no stip- 

 ules, bilabiate or almost regular corolla, mostly didynamous stamens, 

 single style with one or two stigmas, an undivided 2 to 4-celled ovary. 

 In ours the inflorescence is simple, commonly spicate or capitate with 

 flowers alternate, and the leaves are simple. 



1. Verbena. Calyx narrow, tubular, plicately 5-angled, 5-toothcd. Corolla salverform ; 



the limb somewhat equally or unequally 5-lobed. Fruit separating into 4 nutlets. 



2. LJppia. Calyx ovoid, oblong-cam panulate or compressed and bicarinate, 2 to 4-cleft or 



toothed. Limb of corolla oblique or bilabiate, 4-lobed. Fruit separating into 2 

 nutlets. 



