EL^EAGNACE^E. 321 



and styles exserted : akene smooth and shining. Throughout the northern 

 hemisphere ; frequent in meadows and on stream-banks in the mountains. 

 The leaves vary much, from cordate and oblong (var. oblong if olium, Meisn.) 

 to very narrow and attenuate at base (var. linear if olium, Watson). 



15. P. viviparum, L. A similar species, but mostly dwarf and more 

 exclusively alpine : flowers smaller, nearly sessile in linear spikes 1 to 3 inches 

 long, at least the lower ones replaced by sessile bidblets a line long, Same range 

 as the last. 



4. Herbs with fibrous roots, mostly twining or climbing, and with cordate or 

 sagittate leaves : flowers in loose panicles or racemes or in terminal or axillary 

 clusters : perianth green with colored margins, 5-parted, enlarging or keeled in 

 fruit: stamens mostly 8 : stiles or stigmas 3. 1 TINARIA. 



16. P. dumetorum, L., var. scandens, Gray. Smooth, twining high 

 over bushes, with cordate or slightly halberd-shaped acute leaves, and flowers 

 in slender axillary sparingly leafy racemes : perianth long-attenuate to the 

 slender reflexed pedicel ; the outer sepals strongly winged upon the keel : 

 akene acutely triangular. From the Atlantic States to the Upper Missouri, 

 Colorado, and Washington Territory. 



ORDER 67. EL^EAOBTACEjE. 



Shrubs, the foliage scurfy throughout with scarious silvery or brown 

 scales, with regular flowers perfect or dioecious, the perianth herbaceous 

 or colored within, its tube lined with a prominent disk bearing the 

 stamens, enclosing the 1-celled ovary, and becoming pulpy or spongy 

 without and bony within ; fruit a membranous akene, closely covered 

 by the drupe-like calyx-tube. Flowers solitary or variously clustered 

 in the axils of the branchlets. 



1. Elseagnus. Flowers perfect. Stamens 4. Leaves alternate. 



2. Shepherdia. Flowers dioecious. Stamens 8. Leaves opposite. 



1. EL^IAGNUS, L. 



Calyx-limb cylindric-campanulate or tubular below, parted above into 

 4 deciduous lobes, colored within. Disk glandulose. Stamens adnate to 

 the calyx and alternate with its lobes. Fruit drupe-like, with an oblong, 

 8-striate stone. Leaves entire and petioled, and flowers axillary and pedi- 

 cellate. 



1. E. argentea, Pursh. A stoloniferous unarmed shrub, 6 to 12 feet 

 high, the younger branches covered with ferruginous scales : leaves broad or 

 narrowly elliptic, silvery-scurfy and more or less ferruginous : flowers numer- 



1 P. Convolvulus, L., is low twin'ng or procumbent and minutely scabrous, leaves hal- 

 berd-cordate acuminate, flowers few in axillary fascicles or small interrupted racemes on 

 very short pedicels, outer sepals sharply keeled. Introduced from Europe, very common 

 in the Eastern States, and found in Colorado and Montana. 



21 



