ARREST OF DEVELOPMENT. 95 



B. Of the anterior Abdominal wall and Bladder. 



Where there is arrested closure of the abdominal parietes 

 below the umbilicus, and the deficient space is occupied by the 

 urinary bladder. When closure is almost complete, epispadias 

 results : in the more severe forms of this malformation the 

 anterior wall of the bladder is absent, and the posterior portion 

 of that viscus forms a part of the abdominal wall, and projects 

 as a soft rounded tumour, upon the surface of which the ureters 

 open. The symphysis pubis is either deficient or ligamentous, 

 and the penis usually consists of little more than a glans. 



a. Epispadias. 



420. The bladder and generative organs of a Man, aged 22* 



with extreme epispadias ; the bladder is of small size, 

 and opens by an infundibuliform passage above the root 

 of the penis. The penis is shorter than is normal ; it 

 consists of a pair of cavernous bodies surmounted by a 

 rudimentary glans; its upper surface is grooved and 

 covered with mucous membrane. The symphysis pubis 

 is imperfect and ligaraentous. 



Presented by R. Partridge, Esq., 1865. 



b. Ectopia vesicce. 



421. The lower part of the trunk of a Human foetus at about the 



sixth month of gestation, with complete ectopia of the 

 bladder, so that its posterior wall forms a soft rounded 

 tumour, extending from the umbilicus to the root of the 

 penis, which is rudimentary. The ureters open im- 

 mediately above the root of the penis ; their orifices are 

 marked by bristles. The mother was a negress, aged 16 

 years. The foetus was one of twin birth and was 

 still-born. Presented by Dr. R. Sweeting, 1869. 



422. The lower part of the trunk of a small Human foetus with 



complete ectopia of the bladder. The penis is repre- 

 sented by a slight rounded eminence, apparently the 

 glans, with a fold of skin beneath it united to it by a 

 well-marked frenum. There is a slight vertical line im- 

 mediately above the glans, on each side of which are the 

 openings of the prostatic and seminal ducts. The ureters 

 are marked by bristles. The scrotum is well formed ; 



