ARREST OF DEVELOPMENT. 103 



442. The generative organs of an androgynous Bull. The ani- 



mal was described as ' ' Mr. Arbuthnofs Free Martin " * . 



This preparation is essentially similar to the preceding, except 

 that it is much larger, and the genital cord is perforated by Miiller's 

 ducts ; these have been laid open through their entire length ; they 

 are seen to terminate blindly near the extremity of the cornua. 

 The vesiculae seminales are normal, and the vasa deferentia are 

 developed ; they pass up in front of the genital cord for a short 

 distance, and then lie as convoluted tubes along its outer borders, 

 to the extremity of the cornua ; they terminate in the epididymis. 

 The testes lie close to the extremity of the cornua ; they are very 

 small in proportion to the epididymis, and hence they might easily 

 be mistaken for ovaries. The openings of Cowper's ducts and of 

 the vasa deferentia are marked with purple, and the urethra with 

 a green glass rod. 



Hunterian. 



443. A similar but much larger preparation, from " Mr. Wright's 



Free Martin/' which was five years old f. 

 In this preparation a portion of the bladder has been removed 

 and the spermatic arteries injected. The orifice of the bladder is 

 marked by a blue glass rod ; the openings of the vasa deferentia 

 and Cowper's glands are marked with green rods. The sexual 

 cord in this preparation is quite solid. The testes are situated at 

 the extremity of its cornua ; one is seen in section. Hunter said 

 of them : " I call these bodies testicles, first, because they are 

 twenty times the size of the ovaries of the cow, and nearly the 

 size of the testicles of the bull, or rather those of the ' ridgil,' the 

 bull in which testicles never come down ; secondly, the spermatic 

 arteries are similar to those of the bull, especially of the ' ridgil ' ; 

 thirdly, the cremaster muscle passed up from the rings of the 

 abdominal muscles as it does in the ' ridgil.' Although I call these 

 bodies testes, for the reasons given, yet when cut into they had 

 nothing of the structure of the testicle, not being similar to any 

 thing in nature ; they had more the appearance of disease." On 

 microscopic examination they are found to abound in fibrous tissue 

 enclosing cells, with here and there what appear to be seminal tubes. 



* Hunter's ' Animal (Economy, 5 1st edit. p. 57, pi. i., 2nd edit. p. 71, 

 pi. ix, ; and Museum Drawings. The descriptions of plates ix. and x. in 

 the second edition of the 'Animal (Economy' are transposed and 

 wrongly numbered. 



t Hunter's Animal (Economy/ 1st edit. p. 59, pi. ii., 2nd edit, 

 pp. 64 & 71, pis. viii. & x. ; and Museum Drawings. 



