HepaticcB of North America. 21 



f Capsule more or less peduncled, columella present. 



Order III. ANTHOCEROTACE^;. 



i 



I Capsule sessile; columella wanting; Targionia in Order 



IV. MARCHANTIACE^E. 



In the following pages no attempt has been made at a 

 complete bibliography or synonymy. References are made to 

 Syn. Hep. = Grottsche, Lindeiiberg, and Nees' Synopsis Hepat- 

 i car urn, 1844, and Hep. Europ. == Dumortier's Hepaticce Euro- 

 pcea, 1874, where a more complete synonymy may be found. 

 For figures reference is to Brit. Jung. = Hooker's British Jun- 

 germannice, 1816, and Ekart = Ekart's Synopsis Jungermannia- 

 rum Germanicarum, 1832. 



ORDER I. RICCIAC^ ENDL. 



Terrestrial or pseudo-aquatic, chiefly annual plants with 

 thallose vegetation. Fruit short-pedicelled or sessile on the 

 thallus or immersed in it. Calyptra crowned with a more or 

 less deciduous colored style. Capsule either free or connate 

 with the calyptra, globose, at length rupturing irregularly. 

 Spores usually angular, reticulate or muriculate. Elaters want- 

 ing. Antheridia ovate, immersed in the thallus in flask-shaped 

 cavities with protruding mouths (ostioles). Thalli with or 

 without areolae and air cavities. 



SYNOPSIS OP GENERA 



f Spores separate; fruit immersed in the thallus. I. 

 A J RICCIA. 



(^ Spores in fours, united in a coccus or berry B. 



f Fruit immersed in the substance of the thallus. II. 

 THALLOCARPUS. 



Fruit aggregated, sessile on the thallus. III. SPH.E- 

 ROCARPUS. 



I. RICCIA MICH. 



Fruit immersed in the thallus, sessile. Calyptra with a 

 persistent style. Capsule sessile within the calyptra. Spores 

 alveolate or muriculate, flattish and angular (except in R. 



