Hepaticce of North America. 1 13 



5. P. spinulosa Nees and Mont. Stems creeping, the 

 branches ascending; leaves remote, obliquely spreading, obo- 

 vate-cuneate, the dorsal margin reflexed, entire, the ventral and 

 apex spinulose-toothed; inner involucre subrotund, at length 

 oblong, the mouth spinulose. (Jungermania spinulosa Dicks.) 



Hub. Shaded rocks in mountain regions ; rare. (Eu.) 

 Bib. Syn. Hep. p. 25 ; Hep. Europ. p. 44. 

 Delin. Brit. Jung. t. 14 ; Ekart, t. II, f. 10. 

 Exsic. Hep. Bor.-Amer. No. 9. 



6. P. asplenoides Nees and Mont. Stems creeping, 

 branched ; leaves somewhat imbricate, obliquely spreading, obo- 

 vate-rotund, entire or denticulate, the dorsal margin reflexed; 

 inner involucre much exceeding the outer, terminal, oblong, 

 dilated and compressed at the apex, the mouth truncate, ciliate. 

 (Jungermania asplenoides L.) 



Hob. In rocky rivulets ; common. (Eu.) 

 Bib.~- Syn. Hep. p. 49 ; Hep. Europ. p. 43. 

 Delin Brit. Jung. t. 13 ; Ekart, t. I, f. 4. 

 Exsic. Hep. Bor.-Amer. No. 8. 



XXXI. NARDIA B. GR. 



Fructification terminal, inner involucre 6-toothed, included 

 in the outer and connate with it excepting the teeth. Involu- 

 cral leaves united nearly to the top into an oblong tube. Cap- 

 sule globose, 4-valved or sometimes opening irregularly, pedi- 

 celled. Elaters bispiral. Antheridia in the saccate base of 

 leaves on the back of the stem. Leaves 2-lobed or emarginate. 

 Amphigastria rarely present. Stems often sending out flagella 

 from their base. ( S ARCOSCYPHUS Corda, ALICULARIA Corda.) 



* Amphigastria wanting. 



f Leaves imbricate, at least the upper. 



J Areolation of leaves very large. 



1. N. Bolanderi Aust. Small, densely caespitose, vary- 

 ing from dark lurid green to blackish; stems entangled with 

 numerous rootlets, creeping, the apex ascending, clavate; lower 

 leaves distant, scarcely broader than the stem, subvertical, 

 spreading, the upper imbricate, much larger, erect-spreading, 

 9 



