PUPA. 47 



in the north of England and part of Ireland. Scarbro', 

 near Newcastle, Airy Holme Wood in Cleveland, 

 and Hackfall Woods near Ripon, are some of the re- 

 corded localities. It seems to delight in deep, shady, 

 somewhat boggy and peaty woods, living amongst the 

 rankly growing weeds, which flourish upon soil formed 

 from decomposed vegetable matter. 



P. SECALE. Draparnaud. PL VII, fig. 7. 



Shell rather cylindrical, dextral, brown ; aperture with seven or 

 eight teeth ; peristome acute. 



Pupa juniperi, Gray, fyc. 



This largest of the Pupa genus is found almost ex- 

 clusively in the south of England, and is readily distin- 

 guished both from its size and the number of laminar 

 teeth within the aperture. Of a dull brown or pale 

 chocolate brown colour. Whorls from seven to nine 

 in number. It generally measures about a quarter of 

 an inch in length. Animal blackish brown above, pale 

 beneath. 



Limestone localities in the south of England. 

 Headington Quarry near Oxford, and limestone in the 

 neighbourhood of Kendal. Roots of trees and under 

 stones, &c. 



P. EDENTULA. Draparnaud. PI. VII, fig. 8. 



Minute, dextral ; mouth toothless ; peristome simple, not reflected. 

 Vertigo edentula, Gray, Sfc. 



This Pupa may be readily distinguished from the 

 other by the number of volutions, which in full grown 

 specimens are six or seven in num.ber, and its cylindri- 

 cal shape, in which characteristic it closely resembles 

 minutissima, from which it may be distinguished 

 by its greater size. The lip has no external rib or 

 callus, nor is it at all reflected. The shell is transpa- 

 rent, of a light horn colour, very thin and somewhat 

 polished. Length rather more than the tenth of an 

 inch, and height about one third the length. The 

 animal is grey above but lighter beneath. 



