CONTENTS xiii 



CHAPTER V 



EVOLUTION AND TELEOLOGY 



(i) Light may be thrown on causation by the principles implied in 

 scientific proof. (2) The most general of these is the impulse to 

 conceive reality as a self-explaining whole that is, one that has an 

 inherent reason for its character. The only known inherent reason 

 is a value. (3) The value, however, must be conditioned by the 

 elements which it also conditions. (4) This argument assumes that 

 a complete system can be conceived, which is doubtful. Arguing 

 from the ideal of thought, we can prove only that, so far as reality is 

 fully intelligible, it must be a teleological process ; (5) but arguing 

 from the principle which underlies mechanism, that all variable 

 relations must be resolvable ultimately into relations holding 

 between the terms as such, (6) we can show that variable relations 

 must belong to a whole, the elements of which necessitate one 

 another at some point of time. (7) Such mutual necessitation 

 must run through all that is real, and constitutes a harmony, or 

 self-maintaining system. Since such harmony does not exist and 

 could not have vanished if it had existed, it must lie in the future, 

 and the actual order of reality is determined ideologically by the 

 impulse to realise it. - - - Pp. 331-351 



CHAPTER VI 



DEVELOPMENT AND HARMONY 



(i) Development in general means extension of organic unity. (2) It 

 involves a re-arrangement of forces, which, at the outset, cancel 

 each other, first into structures and then into organisms. (3) The 

 formation of organisms depends on the liberation of forces pre- 

 viously cancelled by mutual inter-action, or on the coming together 

 of forces that can act in harmony. (4) Development then proceeds 

 through repeated synthesis towards the universal harmony, which 

 is the final aim of the whole process. (5) The origin of Mind in 

 the individual must be regarded, like other developments, as a 

 synthesis of elements which separately are not Mind. (6) The 

 teleological argument also postulates a central Mind, of the relation 

 of which to reality we can as yet give no adequate account. It 

 must, however, be a conditioned mind. (7) This result corre- 

 sponds to the actual mingling of good and evil in the world. 

 (8) The empirical and philosophical arguments point to the same 

 conclusion, that reality is the process of the development of Mind. 



Pp. 352-372 



