ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY 



centration of the national host on the Border for the invasion of Scotland. 

 Edward I. was often the guest of the bishop and the local monasteries. 

 The expenses of entertainment of the King and his court were a severe 

 burden on their resources. But for a couple of centuries the losses 

 caused by Scottish incursions were the reasons pleaded for the appro- 

 priations. 1 In 1230 Henry III. had bestowed the manor of Dalston 

 with the advowson of the church on the see, 2 but none of the bishops, 

 though resident within the parish, had intermeddled with the fruits of 

 the rectory till Bishop Halton had obtained a royal licence in 1301 for 

 its appropriation, 3 and in later years he had no difficulty in getting the 

 sanction of successive archbishops of York, when the way was made 

 clear by the death or cession of the rector in possession. 4 The arch- 

 bishop gave elaborate reasons for his consent, such as the burning of the 

 cathedral church, the losses caused by the international troubles, the 

 daily goings and comings of magnates on the Border, and the crippling 

 expenses incurred by affording hospitalities on these occasions. 6 He 

 contented himself by sketching out the broad principles on which the 

 appropriation should be carried out, and the bishop of Carlisle filled in 

 the lines. The last attempt at appropriation that need be mentioned 

 was made by Bishop Lumley, who obtained a licence in 1441 to annex 

 to his table the churches of Caldbeck and Rothbury on the old pretext 

 that he was unable to support his episcopal dignity owing to his losses 

 from the daily inroads of the Scots," but this appropriation never took 

 place. 



One of the first chantries in the diocese was founded in 1300 at 

 Bramwra by Thomas de Capella, vicar of Kirkbystephen. With the 

 King's licence the founder alienated three messuages and seventy-two and 

 a half acres of land in Newbiggin, Raughton, and Bramwra, for the 

 purpose of maintaining one priest to celebrate in a chapel de novo con- 



1 On 8 July 1304 the King issued licences to the prior and convent of Carlisle for the appropri- 

 ation of the churches of Addingham and Edenhall ' in compensation of the burning of their houses and 

 churches, and divers plundering by the Scots,' both churches being of their own patronage (Pat. 32 

 Edw. I. m. ii ; Inq. p.m. 32 Edw. I. No. 130). When the same king gave his consent for the appro- 

 priation of Castlesowerby in 1307, the grant was made 'out of devotion to the Virgin Mary, and in 

 consideration of the relics of Thomas the Martyr and other saints being in the church of St. Mary, 

 Carlisle, and of the losses of the prior and convent by invasions and burnings of the Scots ' (Pat. 35 

 Edw. I. m. 17). The appropriation took place on the death of the rector, Henry de Ritter, in 1309 

 (Carl. Epis. Reg. Halton MS. f. 124). 



Chart. R. 14 Hen. III. m. 10. ' Pat. 29 Edw. I. m. 29. 



4 The ordination of Archbishop Corbridge, which recites the licence of King Edward, was made 

 on 29 March 1301, ' cedente vel decedente rectore ipsius ecclesiae qui nunc est,' but the rector held out 

 for some years. Archbishop Greenfield completed the ordination on 19 February 1306-7. In the 

 record it is entitled ' Acceptacio et approbacio W. Archiepiscopi Eboracensis super appropriacione eccle- 

 sie de Dalston.' The deed by which Bishop Halton assigned the stipend to the vicar ' Assignacio vicario 

 de Dalston 'is dated 4 July 1307 (Carl. Epis. Reg. Halton MS. ff. 107-9). 



5 These were the reasons alleged by Bishop Kirkby in 1334 why his diocese was unable to pay the 

 royal tenth demanded from the clergy (Carl. Epis. Reg. Kirkby MS. f. 308). In 1341 the same bishop 

 absolved the diocese ' ab onere visitationis ' in consequence of their impoverishment by the Scottish wars, 

 and pleaded his great charges in guarding the Marches, in which their churches were situated, that the 

 clergy might give him a subsidy, specially as he foresaw a renewal of hostilities (ibid. f. 430). 



8 Pat. 21 Hen. VI. pt. 2, m. 22 ; Tanner, Notitia Monastica, ed. J. Tanner, p. 75 ; Nicolson and Burn, 

 Hist, of Cumberland, ii. 273. 



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