MONUMENTAL 

 EFFIGIES 



county of Cumberland is fairly rich in ancient monumental 

 effigies. Forty-one are still to be found in twenty-four churches 

 in the county. All are described in detail in this article. It 

 will be seen that in some instances there are as many as two or 

 more independent figures, while in six churches the effigies of man and 

 wife are lying side by side. Images of warriors in mail armour, perhaps 

 of the thirteenth century, are to be seen at Calder Abbey, Dacre, Laner- 

 cost and Ousby. Fourteenth century effigies exist at Cumrew, Croglin, 

 Greystoke, Kirkland, Kirkoswald, Great Salkeld. Of fifteenth century 

 date we find specimens at Ainstable, Crosthwaite, Greystoke, Millom 

 and Workington. At Camerton we have ' Black Tom ' Curwen, who 

 is supposed to have died in 1510. Others of the sixteenth century are 

 Sir Richard Salkeld and Dame Jane his wife at Wetheral, and Bishop 

 Barrow (possibly) in the cathedral at Carlisle. At Great Salkeld A. 

 Hutton and his wife, 1637, lie on altar tombs in the churchyard, and a 

 mural tablet to the memory of Thomas and Margaret Bertram (1609) 

 adorns the east wall of the church of Kirkoswald. 



The only ecclesiastics are two bishops in the cathedral, and an 

 archdeacon at Great Salkeld. Civilians with their wives remain at 

 Crosthwaite and Great Salkeld, while knights with their wives are at 

 Ainstable, Millom, Wetheral and Workington. Female effigies alone 

 are seven in number, viz. at Cumrew, Croglin, Kirkoswald, Milburn, 

 Stanwix, Torpenhow and Whitbeck. Only two wooden effigies are in 

 existence, viz. at Ousby and Millom. The small figures at Holme 

 Cultram and Bowness-on-Solway are clearly fragments of altar tombs. 

 Perhaps the most curious is the small figure at Ainstable, which is so 

 far a puzzle to antiquaries. 



AINSTABLE is charged with the armorial bearings of the 



I. An effigy of red sandstone of a man in Aglionby family, viz. argent, two bars, and 



plate armour with shirt of mail showing at in chief three martlets sable. A bawdric of 



the neck. Length, 5 feet 6 inches. The head panels of quatrefoils supports a dagger on 



is bare, with a band round the forehead, and the right side. The arm defences consist of 



rests on a tilting helmet with crest-wreath, plain pauldrons, brassards, elbow cops, and 



but without crest. The face has beard and vambraces of several plates. The gauntlets 



moustachios. A tight fitting surcoat with are very large (probably of leather faced with 



escalloped lower edge covers the body. This steel) and perfect, the thumbs and joints of 



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