MONUMENTAL EFFIGIES 



The drapery and feet are beautiful. The 

 shoes show the toes. The bracket at the 

 feet has, to the left, an animal with long ears, 

 and on the right a small lion with curly mane. 

 Chancellor Ferguson concluded that it was the 

 effigy of Bishop Barrow, who died in 1429. 



CALDER ABBEY 



I. This figure is clothed in a complete suit 

 of chain mail. The right hand is broken off; 

 it has evidently been holding the large cross- 

 hilted sword which is hung in front. The 

 head rests on an oblong pillow. The features 

 of the face are bold. A sleeveless surcoat of 

 linen or cloth is worn over the armour and 

 confined at the waist by a cord. On the left 

 arm is a heater-shaped shield emblazoned with 

 the arms of Layburne, or Layburn, 1 of Cuns- 

 wick in Westmorland. There is also a label 

 for an eldest son. 



II. Another figure of the same period as 

 No. I. In this one the top of the coif of chain 

 mail is round, in the last it is flat. The 

 hands are joined in prayer. The head rests 

 on two cushions, the top one being round, 

 the other oblong. The mittens of chain mail 

 are perfect, being continued from the sleeves 

 of the hauberk and undivided for the fingers. 

 This figure carries a heater-shaped shield, sus- 

 pended by a guige or strap passing over the 

 right shoulder, and emblazoned with the arms 

 of the Flemings. 



III. Another man in armour very similar 

 to No. I. though slightly larger. The device 

 on the shield is obliterated. The right hand 

 rests on the hilt of the sword. There is no 

 clue as to whom this effigy represents. 



IV. Two arms in chain armour. A large 

 slab carved with a very mutilated head in a 

 coif of chain mail, with a rich crocketted 

 canopy of thirteenth century work above. 

 It is very much worn with the weather, yet 

 upon it we can trace angels as supporters, and 

 very clearly, a five pointed star in one panel 

 of the top or back of the canopy, and a moon 

 with a crescent on it. 



All the four effigies are of red sandstone. 



1 Dr. Parker of Gosforth wrote to me on 

 26 September, 1901, as follows : 'We have been 

 excavating the chancel at Calder Abbey, and have 

 found what appears to be the missing end of the 

 effigy of De Layburne. The bevelled slab and the 

 pattern of chain mail correspond with the effigy ; 

 the legs have been crossed, the foot is inclosed in 

 a stocking of chain mail, and the feet have rested 

 on an animal which seems to be a double-headed 

 lion, or two lions conjoined. There is also part 

 of the life-sized head of an ecclesiastic which was 

 found two or three years back, and a right hand 

 grasping a staff.' 



CAMERTON 



THOMAS CURWEN, ' Black Tom of the 

 North.' A red sandstone effigy, painted 

 black. 



The head, bare with long hair, rests on a 

 tilting helmet, surmounted by the crest of 

 the Curwens, a unicorn's head erased. The 

 horn however is broken off. A shirt of 

 mail is visible under the tuilles and possibly at 

 the neck. On the breastplate is a spear rest. 

 The arms are protected by pauldrons (the 

 left as usual being larger than the right), 

 brassards, scalloped elbow cops and vambraces. 

 Gauntlets cover the hands and wrists. To a 

 skirt of four taces are suspended, by straps, 

 three large invected tuilles. The leg armour 

 consists of cuissards or thigh pieces, knee cops, 

 and jambes, and on the feet are broad-toed 

 sabbatons. The rowel spurs are fastened with 

 broad straps. At the feet is a sheep or lamb. 

 A gypciere is beside the dagger. The 

 long sword with ornamental hilt is perfect, 

 and is held in its place by a strong belt with 

 large buckle with elaborate pendant. At the 

 last restoration in 1890, this effigy was re- 

 placed on its original altar tomb in the south 

 transept. 



The writer has received the following com- 

 munication from Lord Dillon : ' Mr. Mill 

 Stephenson to-day showed me the photograph 

 of Black Tom Curwen's effigy in Camerton 

 Church. It appears to be a very interesting 

 one, especially for some details. The " arm- 

 ing points " or laces for attaching portions of 

 the armour (in this case the shoulder and 

 elbow pieces), are found in some effigies else- 

 where, e.g. the Harcourt (see Hollis) and the 

 Crosby and Hungerford effigies (see Stothard), 

 but the points for fastening the arming shoes 

 to the sollerets are uncommon. ... In the 

 National Gallery in a picture of St. William, 

 and in one of the Archangel Michael, by 

 Simone Papa, at Naples, this detail is well 

 shown. In actual suits of armour the two 

 holes in the sollerets for the points are too 

 often ignorantly filled up with false rivets. 

 A photo showing this point of the Camerton 

 effigy would be very interesting. The single 

 central tullle and the pendent sword belt are 

 also noteworthy.' On the sides of this altar 

 tomb are shields, some bearing various curious 

 devices, others coats of arms. 



CROSTHWAITE 



Effigies of a civilian and lady in limestone. 

 The male figure wears the costume of a mer- 

 chant of the fifteenth century. A long loose 

 tunic reaches from the neck to the feet, with 

 wide sleeves which grow tight round the 



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