SALFORD HUNDRED 



There are incidental notices of other estates in the 

 township. 34 



Royton Moss has long been inclosed. 35 



For the Established Church St. Paul's was built in 

 1 7 54 s6 and consecrated in 1757 ; it was restored and 

 enlarged a century later, and was rebuilt between 

 1883 and 1889. An ecclesiastical parish was assigned 

 to it in I835. 37 There is a mission church, All 

 Saints', in connexion with it. The rector of Prest- 

 wich is the patron. St. Mark's, Heyside, was built in 

 1878 ; M the patronage is vested in five trustees ; it 

 has a mission room called St. Chad's. 



The Wesleyan Methodists have a chapel built in 

 1804. The Primitive and Independent Methodists 

 also have chapels 



The Baptist Church dates from 1873. 



From 1847 to 1861 Royton and Shaw were 

 worked together by the Congregationalists. In the 

 last-named year a separation was made, and a church 

 was built at Royton in 1864. At Heyside, where 

 services began in 1842, a school-room was built in 

 1851 and a chapel in l88o. 19 



The Society of Friends have had a meeting-place at 

 Turf Lane, Heyside, from about 1665 ; 40 the first 

 burial took place in that year. The house was rebuilt 

 in 1885, but is used only occasionally. 41 



The Roman Catholic school-chapel of SS. Aidan 

 and Oswald was built in 1880." 



The Calvinistic Methodists and the Mormons had 

 meeting-places in 1856. 



CHADDERTON 



Chaderthon, Chaderton, c. 1250; Chaterton, 1291; 

 Chatherton, 1304; Chadderton, 1468. 



This township measures about 3 miles from north 

 to south, and less than 2 miles across ; its area is 

 3,138 acres. 1 The surface is hilly, but the general 

 slope is from east to west ; the highest points, 500 ft., 

 are in the extreme north-east. The Irk and some 

 tributary brooks flow through the township. The 

 growth of Oldham has given an urban character to 



PRESTWICH WITH 

 OLDHAM 



the east and south-east borderland ; and on the west 

 a small town has grown up round Middleton Junc- 

 tion. The population in 1901 was 24,892. 



The road from Manchester to Oldham passes near, 

 and sometimes within the south-eastern boundary. 

 Three roads from Middleton to Oldham go through 

 the township from east to west, with numerous cross- 

 roads. 2 The Lancashire and Yorkshire Company's 

 line from Manchester to Rochdale, opened in 1839, 

 traverses the western half of it, going northwards, 

 and has a station about the centre, called Middleton 

 Junction, from which lines branch off west and east to 

 Middleton and to Oldham. The same company's 

 Manchester and Oldham line runs along the eastern 

 boundary, and has a station at Hollinwood. The 

 Rochdale Canal also passes through the township. 



Chadderton Heights, Chadderton Fold, and Brichin 

 Lee are hamlets in the northern part of the town- 

 ship ; Foxdenton lies to the east of Middleton 

 Junction ; Black Lane, Nimble Nook, Butler Green, 

 and Coldshaw 8 on the south-east border ; Hale Moss 

 and White Moss on the south. 4 Here also was the dis- 

 trict called Theale Moor. 5 



The boundaries of Chadderton have varied from 

 time to time. Butterworth, writing in 1817, calls 

 attention to the then ancient bounds, shown on his 

 map, as contrasted with his verbal description ; Hollin- 

 wood had in 1713 been taken into Oldham. 8 There 

 was also a small detached portion, lying under Copster 

 Hill on the southern border of Oldham, into which 

 it has now been absorbed. 



There is a tumulus close to Chadderton Hall. Re- 

 mains of Roman roads are found. 



The soil is sand, with subsoil of clay and gravel. 

 The land ii mostly pasture, the dairies being the 

 chief agricultural industry. There are numerous 

 cotton mills on the Oldham side ; also collieries, iron 

 works, chemical works, and brick works. The coal 

 pits are mentioned frequently in the 1 7th century. 8 

 In 1833 hats were made. 



A local board was formed in 1873 ; 9 this has be- 

 come since 1 894 an urban district council of eighteen 

 members, chosen by three wards North, Central, and 



M In 1369 William son of John de 

 Chadwick and Agnes his wife had 2 mes- 

 suages, 24 acres of land, &c., in Royton ; 

 Final Cone, ii, 176. 



Robert Wyld died in 1625 holding lands 

 of the king ; Robert his son and heir was 

 fourteen years of age ; Towneley MS. C. 8, 

 13, p. 1291. 



Humphrey Booth in 1635 held a mes- 

 suage, &c. in Royton of the king ; Duchy 

 of Lane. Inq. p.m. xxvii, 44. 



85 A moiety of the fields lately en- 

 closed ' from Royton Moss was sold in 

 1626 ; Shaw, 72. In 1817 there was no 

 waste land, and only a few acres needed 

 draining. There were no woods ; Butter- 

 worth, 104, 105. 



86 Butterworth, op. cit. 99, 100. The 

 ground was given by Thomas Percival 

 and the cost of the building defrayed by 

 subscription. 



For its endowments and services in 

 1778 see Booker, Prestwich, 85 ; and in 

 1808, Oldham Notes and Gleanings, iii, 94, 

 95 ; see also iii, 205. 



e ? Land. Gaz. 5 May 1835. 



88 For district, ibid. 25 Mar. 1879. 



89 Nightingale, Lanes. Nonconf. v, 264-8. 

 The barn of Robert Wild of Heyside was 

 in 1672 licensed as a Presbyterian meet- 



ing-place ; Shaw, Oldham t 176. Some of 

 the Wilds were Quakers. 



40 Meetings of Quakers were reported 

 at the Bishop of Chester's Visitation, 

 1669. 



41 Sylvester Sykes was buried at Hey- 

 side in 1665, and the place was used on 

 sufferance till 1 6 86, when a lease was 

 secured, and a house built. This was 

 pulled down in 1832. 



John Lees, a Royton Quaker, made an 

 improvement in the carding machine in 

 1772 ; E. Butterworth, Oldham (ed. 1856), 

 116. 



43 Kelly, Engl. Cat A. Missions, 337. 



1 3,082 including 39 of inland water, 

 according to the census of 1901. 



8 'This township is truly remarkable as 

 containing a great number of roads, on 

 the borders of which are erected numerous 

 cottages, which are all denominated lanes, 

 viz., Burnley Lane, Stock Lane, Block 

 Lane, Old Lane, Denton Lane, Thomp- 

 son Lane, Dowry Lane [Drury Lane], 

 Mought Lane, Turf Lane, Tonge Lane, 

 and Bawtry Lane ' ; Butterworth, Oldham 

 (ed. 1817), 163. 



8 The right of way through Coleshaw 

 Lane, on payment of \d. a year, was re- 

 cognized in 1672 ; Shaw, Oldham, 178. 



4 'This township extends to a white 

 stone, which formerly was fixed near the 

 middle of White Moss ' ; Butterworth, 

 op. cit. 163. A perambulation of the 

 bounds between Chadderton and Nuthurst 

 was ordered in 1520 ; Towneley MS. CC, 

 no. 834. 



* See further in the account of Moston. 

 Leases of land in Theale Moor are given 

 in Shaw, Oldham, 50, 173, 174, 193. 



6 Butterworth, 167 ; the boundary here 

 was : ' From Werneth old mill to Collier 

 stone, near Cash yate, from thence in a 

 direct line, cutting off about five yards of 

 the south-east corner of the chapel yard 

 [St. Margaret's], by Grace well, to the 

 corner house above Grocock's, and so on 

 by the Bowling green aforesaid." Collier 

 Hill indicates one of these boundaries ; 

 Grace Well has perhaps been absorbed in 

 the canal reservoir. 



A survey of Hollinwood was made in 

 1614 ; Shaw, op. cit. 56. The bounds as 

 settled in 1713 are given in Oldham Notes 

 and Gleanings, ii, 220-2, from the Raines 

 MSS. in Chet. Lib. xxiv, 255. 



8 See a letter from Mrs. Byrom and; 

 Mrs. Potter in 1683, printed in Shaw, 

 Oldham, 190. 



9 Land. Gass, 21 June 1873. 



