SALFORD HUNDRED 



ROCHDALE 



the Baptist's Church was opened in 1830, and 

 St. Patrick's in 1861. 



Apart from a number of educa- 

 CHJRITIES tional endowments, 179 the principal 

 charities of Rochdale are those founded 

 by John Kenion in 1789 for the apprenticing of 

 children, 180 and by Josiah Gartside in 1712 for cloth- 

 ing the poor, now utilized for providing nursing and 

 other medical assistance. 181 In Spotland the gifts of 

 Mary Shepherd 182 and Mary Hill 183 produce 27 a, 

 year, distributed to the poor in kind. There are 

 a few others, chiefly for particular churches or dis- 

 tricts. 184 



CASTLETON 



Castelton, 1292. Berdeshull, 1261. 



This township, which takes its name from a castle 

 formerly situated on the south bank of the Roch, a 

 little distance west of the church, 1 has an area of 

 3,812 acres, lying on the south side of the river just 

 named. The town of Rochdale now occupies a 

 large portion of the area. The ancient hamlets were : 

 Castleton Glebe, 237^ acres ; Marland (including two 

 detached portions), 1,837^ ; Buersill (with a detached 

 portion), 1,141 ; Lower Lane, 285 ; Newbold, 310. 



The surface is comparatively level, sloping somewhat 

 towards the north. 



The principal roads are those from Rochdale south- 

 west and west through Marland to Bury, with a 

 branch south through Castleton village, formerly 

 called Blue Pits, to Middleton and Manchester - r 

 south through Buersill and Balderstone to Oldham ;. 

 and east to Milnrow. The Lancashire and Yorkshire 

 Railway from Manchester to Halifax passes through 

 the township, having stations at Castleton and Roch- 

 dale ; near the former is a junction with the line 

 from Bury, and to the east of the latter branches go- 

 off south-east to Oldham and north-west to Bacup. 

 An electric tramway extends to Middleton. The 

 Rochdale and Manchester Canal, formed about 

 1802-4, starts at Rochdale and goes through Castle- 

 ton village ; on the south side of Rochdale it is joined 

 by the rather earlier Todmorden Canal, which pro- 

 vides conveyance into Yorkshire. 



Heywood Cemetery lies in the north-west corner 

 of the township. At Marland is the hospital for 

 infectious diseases, formerly the workhouse ; it was 

 purchased by the Corporation of Rochdale in 1886. 



On the north side of Marland, by the Roch, is a 

 wooded clough known as Tyrone's Bed, a story in- 

 vented by Roby and William Nuttall (d. 1840) 

 gaining currency that the Earl of Tyrone, outlawed by 



W A report on the charities, issued by 

 the Commissioners in 1828, is reprinted 

 (except for Todmorden) in the End. Char. 

 Ref. for Rochdale, excluding the borough, 

 issued in 1904. The Saddleworth Chari- 

 ties were included in 1828, but not in 

 1904. 



The educational endowments are those 

 for a grammar school, 5 5 6s. 8d. ; for 

 the Free English School, founded by the 

 Hardmans about 1770, ,164 i8j. 8</. ; 

 for clothing and teaching six poor girls, 

 founded by Dorothea Holt, 1717, 

 6 141. 4</.; for Milnrow School, 23 151.5 

 for Ogden School, 92 41. 2</., partly ap- 

 plicable to clothing poor children ; for 

 Hollinworth School, 28 171. 8J</., also 

 partly applicable for clothing ; for Little- 

 borough School, 17 5*. 4</. ; for Small- 

 bridge National School, 2 2t. ; for 

 Whitworth Free School, 14. lot. ; for 

 John Taylor's Charity, formerly Toad 

 Lane School, Spotland, 89 141., now 



I applied to the Technical School. 



1 The report of 1828 also records an en- 

 dowment of 150, producing 6 i$i. a 

 year, for the school at Todmorden. 



A benefaction by Thomas Guest, 1731, 

 was intended for a school at Blackwater, 

 but this had failed before 1828. 



For the Hardman family above men- 

 tioned, see the account of Allerton in 

 Childwall. 



iso Tij e endowment in 1826 consisted of 



i 6,365 consols, which has been increased 



' by the addition of unused income, so that 

 the stock is now 8,872, producing an 

 income of 221 1 6s. This is expended 

 in apprenticing boys and girls from the 



, whole parish of Rochdale, about sixteen 

 grants being made yearly. 



181 The original endowment consisted of 

 four cottages in Spotland. In 1828 these 

 were occupied as two public-houses, and 

 the gross income was 116 a year. After 

 repairs, &c., had been paid, also I to the 

 incumbent of Todmorden for a sermon, 

 about 50 was expended in clothing for 

 the poor, according to the benefactor's 

 desire. In 1893 the estate was sold, and the 



purchase money invested in 5,383 lOs. 

 consols in the name of the official trus- 

 tees. A new scheme was made in 1896, 

 by which, after the payment of i to the 

 vicar of Todmorden for the charity ser- 

 mon, 10 yearly is specially appropriated 

 to the old township of Castleton, and the 

 remainder to the whole parish (including 

 Castleton). The money is to be expended 

 on subscriptions or donations to a conva- 

 lescent home, and to assisting patients to 

 travel to such home ; also in providing 

 nurses for the sick and infirm. The annual 

 income now amounts to 134 in. 8</. 



182 Mary Shepherd in 1702 left 120 

 to buy land or a rent-charge for the benefit 

 of six poor women in Whitworth. Land 

 in Butterworth was purchased, but has 

 since been sold, and the proceeds invested 

 in 680 consols. The income, 1701. 4</., 

 is distributed by the vicar of Whitworth 

 in doles to the poor. 



188 Miss Mary Holt of Broadhalgh, in 

 Spotland, by her will of 1869 left 500 

 for the poor. This is now represented by 

 403 consols held by the Official Trus- 

 tees, and producing 10 is. $d. yearly. 

 The vicar of St. Clement's, Spotland, and 

 others administer the fund under a scheme 

 made in 1899, orders for clothing, flannel, 

 or blankets to the value of icw. each being 

 distributed once a year. 



184 Mrs. Grantham, mother of Dorothea 

 Holt, about 1700 left 30 for the poor, 

 the interest of which had been distributed 

 in baize mantles to six poor widows of 

 Castleton and Rochdale. The daughter 

 continued the charity, and by accumula- 

 tions the capital had reached 80 in 1828. 

 It was found difficult to distribute the in- 

 come as the testatrix directed, and further 

 accumulations have increased the capital to 

 107 consols, now held by the official 

 trustees. The vicar of Rochdale now 

 devotes the interest, 2 131. 8d. t to the 

 stipend of a nurse working in Castleton. 



Alexander Butterworth in 17 14 charged 

 Croft Head Farm with 5 payable at 

 Christmas to the poor of Milnrow chapelry. 

 The charge is still paid, the vicar and 



2OI 



churchwardens of Milnrow distributing it 

 to the poor in doles of zs. or zs. 6d. 



John Wolfenden in 1688 left 100 for 

 the poor of Hundersfield ; this was lost 

 about 1 800, because the attorney who held 

 the capital could not recover money owing 

 by the township, and therefore discon- 

 tinued paying interest. 



John Brearley in 1692 left 50 for the 

 poor of Spotland. The money was spent 

 on land in Whitworth and Wardle, and the- 

 rent in 1828 spent on linen distributed by 

 the overseers. The land was afterwards- 

 sold, and the capital is now represented 

 by a rent-charge of 11 vested in the 

 official trustee. The money is expended, 

 under a scheme of 1897, in subscriptions 1 

 to the Rochdale Infirmary and the Rossen- 

 dale Blind Society for the benefit of the 

 poor of Spotland. 



The Rev. Francis Allen Minnitt in 

 1889 gave to the official trustees 200 for 

 the poor of Christ Church, Healey, the 

 vicar and churchwardens having the distri- 

 bution. The income, 6 71. 3</., is given 

 chiefly to the sick and destitute, but money 

 has also been given to cricket clubs, &c.,. 

 entertainment and instruction being among 

 the objects contemplated by the founder. 



The ecclesiastical endowments include 

 the Milnrow Bellringers" Charity, Little- 

 borough Church Repair Fund, Wesleyans 

 Chapel at Bagslate ; St. Saviour's Church, 

 Bacup ; and Providence Baptist Chapel,. 

 Bacup. 



In the 1828 report it is stated that 

 Richard Clegg, vicar of Kirkham (d. 1720),. 

 gave 16 to Todmorden and Walsden to 

 be lent, without interest, in sums of 4. 

 each, to poor men or widows. This charity 

 still existed when the report was drawn* 

 up. 



1 The phrase ' Villa Castelli de Rache- 

 ham ' occurs in an early 13th-century 

 charter ; Whallty Coucher (Chet. Soc.), ii, 

 599. The castle ditch is named in another 

 deed ; ibid, ii, 608. A plan of the castle 

 hill in 1823 will be found in H. Fish- 

 wick, Rochdale, 6;. Nothing is known of 

 the history of the castle. 



26 



