A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE 



five lights and late Perpendicular tracery at the south 

 end, and by a smaller pointed window of three lights 

 at the south end of the east wall. 184 The northern 

 end of the room is lit by two of the ordinary square- 

 headed mullioned windows on the west front. There 

 was a door at the north-east corner leading to the 

 quadrangle, and another near the south end of the 

 east wall leading to a small room 12 ft. by 9 ft. with 

 a vice in its eastern side giving access to a smaller 

 room above. Apart from the ' ecclesiastical ' appear- 

 ance of the two pointed windows, 185 the arrangement 

 and peculiar features of the room certainly suggest 

 that this was originally meant to be a chapel, though 

 there are certain difficulties to be faced in accepting 

 the conclusion, more especially Sir Richard's reason for 

 constructing a chapel of such importance at this time. 1 * 6 

 The southern part of the room, that contained in the 

 south-west wing proper, goes up two stories and was 

 34 ft. 6 in. in height. The northern end is of one 

 story only 1 1 ft. high, the floor of the long gallery 

 being continued over it to the west front. The two 

 parts are divided by a lofty pointed arch, which still 

 remains, though built up and partly hidden, which 

 carried the south wall of the long gallery forward to 

 the west. This arch is of two chamfered orders, dying 

 into the wall at the springing, 3 ft. thick and 29 ft. 6 in. 

 in height, the span being the full width of the north 

 end of the room. The upper part of the arch, there- 

 fore, opened into the west end of the long gallery. 

 Assuming this to have been the chapel, with the altar 

 below the window at the south end, we have the 

 somewhat unusual arrangement of part of the long 

 gallery itself being used as a tribune or gallery for the 

 family during service, while the servants would occupy 

 the floor below, entering from the door in the court- 

 yard. The arch shows no sign of there ever having 

 been a screen, but the stones cease to be smoothly 

 faced at a point 3 ft. from the floor of the long gallery, 

 suggesting that there was originally a balcony or gallery 

 front of some sort in that position. 187 The small room 

 on the east side would be the sacristy, from which the 

 vice gave access directly to the long gallery itself, and 

 from there by a second doorway to the small chamber 

 over. From the sacristy there was an opening 4 ft. 

 long by 3 ft. high divided by mullions, which from 

 the slant of its jambs seems to suggest it was so built 

 as to afford a direct view of the altar. There is also an 

 opening from the chamber above. To the north of 

 the ' chapel,' and between it and the gateway tower, 

 was a room 21 ft. 6 in. by 21 ft., which has been 

 termed the ' priests' room,' but with what evidence 

 to support it is not very apparent. The plan of 1 694 

 does not show any communication between the two 

 rooms. The ' chapel ' is now divided into two rooms 

 below the arch, the so-called sanctuary ' now forming 

 what is known as the Bailey room, and internally, 



except for the pointed windows, shows no architectural 

 features of interest. 



The formation of the boys' playground in front oi 

 the new college buildings on its south side has 

 necessarily meant the loss of a large part of the 

 17th-century gardens. The playground itself, which 

 measures 580 ft. by 300 ft., was lowered from the 

 level of the garden terrace before the new buildings 

 were begun. 188 Such parts of the old gardens as are 

 left retain all the original charm of clipped yew 

 hedges and well-ordered design. The two pavilions 

 erected by Sir Nicholas Shireburne are exceedingly 

 good examples of the garden architecture of the time. 

 They are built of stone, and measure 17 ft. square 

 outside with walls 2 ft. thick, and square-headed 

 barred sash windows. The roofs form a graceful 

 curve rising from a strongly-marked cornice, and are 

 surmounted by gilded eagles in Portland stone. Of 

 the leaden statues which formerly adorned the grounds 

 only three remain, one of which, supposed to repre- 

 sent Regulus under torture by the Carthaginians, 

 now occupies the centre of the ' Observatory ' pond. 



The school was a great institution, formed by a 

 distinguished history of two centuries, when it settled 

 here, and, speedily recovering from its temporary mis- 

 adventures, has added to its fame continually. 189 New 

 buildings have consequently been required, and have 

 been added from time to time ; the latest block, 

 as above stated, was added piecemeal from 1877 to 

 1889. The library is richly stored, 190 its nucleus 

 consisting of books brought over from Liege, which 

 include a manuscript of St. John's Gospel found in 

 St. Cuthbert's tomb in 1105, and not improbably 

 transcribed by the saint himself 191 ; also a printed 

 book of Hours, supposed to have belonged to Mary 

 Queen of Scots. The tenth Lord Arundell of 

 Wardour, an 'old boy,' in 1834 ^ his library to 

 the college, 192 and Dr. John Vertue, Bishop of Ports- 

 mouth (d. 1 900), gave it a collection of early printed 

 books. The buildings contain a. large collection of 

 paintings, old prints, medals, stuffed animals and 

 miscellaneous curiosities. 



The Observatory, in the gardens, was begun in 

 1838 ; a telescope was mounted in 1845, and in the 

 same year the series of meteorological observations 

 was begun. An underground chamber for magnetic 

 observations was added in 1866. In 1865 a new 

 room had been built for the larger telescope then 

 mounted, and the station acquired some fame through 

 the solar observations of Fr. Stephen Perry, who had 

 charge of the place from 1868 to 1889. 



In addition to the college buildings proper, which 

 include the Jesuit community house, there are a school 

 for junior boys at Hodder House, some distance away, 

 and a seminary called St. Mary's Hall, devoted to philo- 

 sophical studies of members of the Society of Jesus. 193 



181 It must be remembered that the 

 expressions south,' east,' &c., are here 

 approximate, following the usual custom 

 of calling the south-west front ' west.' 



185 The window now in the west wall 

 is of course, as already mentioned, a later 

 insertion, brought from elsewhere. 



186 Beauclerk, Stonyhurst Mag. (1885), 

 94- 



187 Ibid. 97. 



88 Keating, Stonyhurtt (1909), 51. 

 189 For history and description see Foley, 

 Rec. S. J. vii, p. xxxvi, &c. ; Baines, 

 Lanes. Dir. 1825, ii, 560; P. Fitzgerald, 



Saxonhurst (illustrating the school life 

 about 1850), and Stonyhurst Memories 

 (1895); A. Hewitson, Stonyhurst ; A. 

 Rimmer, Stonyhurst Illut. ; J. Gerard, 

 Stonyhurst Coll., 1894; G. Gruggen and 

 J. Keating, Stonyhurst : its Past History and 

 Life in the Present, 1901. Books of views 

 have been issued. The Stonyhurst Mag., 

 begun in May 1881, contains not only 

 news of the school, but many articles 

 upon the history and condition of the 

 district ; e.g. a description of the fishery 

 rights, with map ; i, 177. 



190 The collections are described in 



12 



Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. ii, 143 ; iii, 334 ; 

 viii, App. i ; x, App. iv. 



191 It was owned by Thomas Allen of 

 Oxford about 1620 ; N. and Q. (Ser. 6), 

 vi, 486. 



192 His collection includes one volume 

 of an early i Jth-century MS. of Froissart ; 

 the other volume is in the B.M. 



193 The paragraphs as to present-day 

 Stonyhurst are derived from a notice pre- 

 pared for the British Association visit in 

 1903. Fuller accounts will be found in 

 Fr. Gerard's Stonyhurst Coll., frequently 

 quoted in these notes. 



