THE APPLE 



13 



and Figure 4 shows a perfect low-headed tree with 

 fillers removed. 



LAYING OUT AN ORCHARD 



In planting an orchard, whether the land is to be 

 cultivated or not, it is advisable to have the trees in 

 straight rows and equal distances, not only for beauty 



Fig. 3— Result of Close Planting 



but also for convenience in working among them. 

 Perhaps the best way to do this is to use a long, hard- 

 twisted cord or a wire with marks attached at proper 

 intervals upon it. The wire, about No. 14 or 16, gal- 

 vanized, with drops of solder at intervals of five, ten 

 or twenty feet, is much better than the cord, as it is 

 not affected by wet or dryness, and will not stretch. The 



