190 



SUCCESSFUL FRUIT CULTURE 



orchard planting. The conditions of success are: (1) 

 a rich soil and frequent and thorough cultivation; (2) 

 allow only one bud to grow, i. e., the bud inserted into 

 tlie stock in budding and the top bud of the cion on 

 the root graft; (3) allow only one shoot to grow (Figure 

 102), a clean, straight growth being necessary to a 

 satisfactory tree. The 3^oung trees must be protected 

 from injury by insects and fungous diseases as in the 



orchard, and the 

 same methods are 

 to be emplo3^ed. 



At the begin- 

 ning of the second 

 3^ear, and before 

 the growth begins, 

 the one-y e a r-old 

 shoot should be 

 cut back to the 

 hight at which it 

 is desired to have 

 the top formed. 

 (Figure 103.) 

 This hight may be 

 from two to four 

 feet, according to 

 the method of training to be followed in the growth of 

 tlie young tree, those not having made over two or 

 three feet being cut back to the ground for a new start. 

 Buds of those trees that have been topped at from two to 

 four feet high will start all along from tlie top of the 

 ground in most cases (Figure 102a), but only a few at 

 the top are generally allowed to grow, the others either 

 being rubbed off as soon as well started, or being allowed 

 to grow an inch or two and then the ends pinched to 

 check their growth, thus forcing all development into 

 the branches desired for the head. These branches 



Fig. 102 



Fig. 103 



Nursery Treatment of Young Trees 



