FUNGOUS DISEASES 253 



business way that no one should risk a complete loss of 

 a cro23 which is sure to come at times when the season 

 is especially favorable to insect or fungous life. As 

 these pests are so minute as to be illustrated only in 

 a highly magnified form, a description is all that will 

 be attempted, the reader being referred to more scientific 

 works on the subject of fungous pests. 



FUNGOUS PESTS ATTACKING THE APPLE 



The Apple Scab {F micladium dendriticum) — 

 This is an olive green spot fungus that attacks the 

 surface of the leaves and fruit, and grows with especial 

 vigor during moist, rather cool weather. It feeds 

 only on the epidermis or skin of the leaf or fruit, 

 often causing the former to fall off during the summer, 

 but only disfiguring the fruit, unless it is attacked very 

 early in the season, when it too falls off, or it is disfig- 

 ured or one-sided. This fungus does not work in the 

 tissues of the fruit but disfigures it and injures its looks 

 and its keeping qualities. The spores or seeds of this 

 pest are so minute as to be invisible except by the 

 closest observation, and may be carried long distances 

 by the wind. The only preventive is to have the copper 

 solutions on the leaves and fruit to prevent the growth 

 of these spores whenever there is moisture on them. 



Remedy — Spray with the bordeaux in the early 

 part of the season and after the fruit is nearly grown 

 with the solution of copper sulphate. 



Cedar Apple Fungus (Roestelia pirata) — This 

 fungus appears in small yellow clusters on the under 

 side of the leaves and sometimes on the fruit, and when 

 very abundant both leaves and fruit fall off and the tree 

 is seriously weakened. 



Remedy — If the trees are sprayed as per spraying 

 calendar issued by each State experiment station, little 

 or no injury will come from this fungus. 



