36 THE CONNECTICUT POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



the long sterile pedicles of which shove the cup-shaped fruit- 

 ing surface above ground from the half buried peach mum- 

 mies. Besides the infested twigs and the mummies adhering 

 to the trees, both of which produce only summer spores like 

 those formed in the rotting fruit, we have this third method 

 by which the fungus is carried over the winter and infects the 

 blossoms and young fruit in early spring. 



Last year attention was called to a physiological trouble 

 of strawberry leaves, termed frosty spots. A similar trouble 

 has been reported on peach leaves. The under surface of 

 the leaves shows purplish discoloration, and finally a silver 

 grey appearance, as if attacked by a mildew. Miscropical 

 examination shows no fungus present, but does reveal the 

 epidermis, and later the leaf parenchyna discolored and their 

 cells finally collapsed. The trouble seems to arise from an 

 insufficient water supply or the inability to control its trans- 

 piration, as it is confined to the lower surface, where are situ- 

 ated the stomales that regulate the loss of water, and as it 

 shows most severely near the bundles, which bring the water 

 to the leaf. It has seemed to the writer that possibly it may 

 result from winter injury to the roots. 



The peach sufifered most of all the fruit trees from winter 

 injury. A number of orchards were so severely injured that 

 they were partially cut out. The injury was chiefly the 

 damaging of the immatured wood down to the snow line. No 

 doubt the snow saved the orchards from more severe injury. 

 In some orchards, where the snow had blown off the ground, 

 trees were found where the injury was chiefly in the roots. 

 The outer roots that spread out near the surface were often 

 killed, while the inner ones that tend to penetrate deeper into 

 the soil were less severely injured. Most growers cut out 

 the dead trees and those badly injured and severely pruned 

 those less injured. 



Pear. Pear scab was not unusually conspicuous last year. 

 It is mentioned here to call attention to the beneficial results 

 in preventing it that possibly follow spraying with lime and 

 sulphur for the San Jose scale. It is well known that certain 

 varieties of pears scab worse than others, and it also has long 

 been known that the funo-us carries over winter on some trees 



