1 18 THE CONNECTICUT POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



to the locality. We now have too many misfits in our apple 

 orchards. Northern Spy grows where Baldwins would thrive 

 better. In our haste and hurry to get rid of our old friends, 

 Greening and Russet, we are growing some red varieties which 

 are out of place and which, in time, must go to the wood pile. 

 The experiments will pass in time and varieties will adjust 

 themselves to localities, just as Holstein cattle always congre- 

 gate in a section where alfalfa thrives. We shall also learn 

 more and more about the influence of stock upon varieties. 

 We shall learn what makes the best root, and what to use for 

 the foundation of our orchards. Such varieties as Greening 

 and Russet have been going out of style during the last few 

 years ; the rage has been for a red apple, and this has given 

 our old friend Ben Davis the opportunity of his life. I believe 

 that Greening and Russet will come back again in moderate 

 way, as people grow more to recognize varieties. My judg- 

 ment is that there is also likely to be an increased demand for 

 a smaller apple. The large fruit makes a handsome showing 

 but the firm high colored fruit of medium size is to be the apple 

 for the million, and the profits of the future w'ill come from 

 supplying the million mouths, rather than the 500. We must 

 have an apple that a man can carry in his pocket, without being 

 ashamed of the bunch it makes there. 



Soil and Locations: I expect to see, during the next 20 

 years, a rapid adjustment of the apple growing areas. To me 

 it seems clear that the tendency will be to go back to th.e 

 rougher hill lands for our apple orchards. The richer level 

 lands will, in my opinion, be demanded for otlier food or fibre 

 crops. They will go higher and higher in price, and as the 

 towns and cities spread out, these valley lands will be required 

 for gardening. They Avill be too expensive for the planting 

 of apple orchards in competition with the cheaper hilly lands. 

 For example, I expect to see the great orchards in ^^^estem 

 New York largely leave that section for the more hilly ground. 

 This W'ill be not only because of the increased price of the land, 

 but because continued apple growing in any section, for a long 

 period, will introduce conditions such as insects and fungous 

 diseases and soil needs which will make that section unprofit- 

 able for fruit srrowing. Our best fruit is to be 



