FOURTEENTH ANNUAL MEETING. 145 



and the winter, were unafifected by the treatment. The 

 sprayed apples showed later in the season increased vigor and 

 healthfulness as a result of the control of the scale." 



It is unfortunate that these applications were made at the 

 beginning- of an exceptionally severe winter, and as a conse- 

 quence our conclusions may be modified later. The desir- 

 ability of fall applications is at least an open question. 



Recent disquieting reports emanating from New Jersey 

 as to the poor success obtained with lime-sulphur washes, led 

 us to inquire rather closely into New York conditions, with 

 the result that, so far as we could learn, wherever the trees 

 were thoroughly sprayed with a lime-sulphur wash the scale 

 was kept in control in a very satisfactory manner. This is 

 not intended to reflect in the slightest upon the work done in 

 New Jersey, but refers simply to our New York conditions, 

 and the statement is made in this connection because we can- 

 not help feeling that the lime-sulphur washes at present 

 afford the most practical method of controlling the San Jose 

 scale, despite the fact that their preparation is laborious and 

 their application exceedingly disagreeable. Most of our ex- 

 periments have been tried upon small trees because w-e did not 

 wish to have the effectiveness of the wash marred by defect- 

 ive treatment. The thorough spraying of large trees is a 

 difficult problem, and we wish in this connection to refer 

 briefly to the work of Mr. W. H. Hart, of Poughkeepsie, 

 who has been obliged to fight this scale on large apple trees 

 for some years and who, in the main, has kept it in control in 

 a very satisfactory manner. The speaker had the privilege 

 of examining his orchard last fall, and wherever Mr. Hart 

 had been able to spray with the wind, making one application 

 from one side and then treating the other later with the wind 

 in the opposite direction, the pest had been kept under in a 

 very satisfactory manner. Mr. Hart tells me that it is im- 

 possible to secure satisfactory results on large trees unless the 

 spraying is done with the wind, because the breeze carries 

 the spray through the entire tree and covers the limbs much 

 more thoroughly than could be done with any reasonable 

 amount of labor without its aid. Extremely thorough appli- 

 cations are necessary if we would get the best results with 

 this or any other spray, and it may be advantageous in some 



