Tenth Annual Meeting 37 



swellings, covered with pustules filled with orange spores. Cut- 

 ting off and burning the diseased parts is the only known 

 remedy for this trouble. The winter stage of the fungus 

 occurs on cedar trees and junipers, in the form of the familiar 

 "cedar-apples," so called. The destruction of neighboring 

 cedars should, therefore, be a prominent feature in the care of 

 orchards, whether of apples or quinces. 



SMALL FRUITS 



Blackberries. — During the past season, as always, the an- 

 thracnose {Glceosporium Venetum) has been widespread and 

 severe. In some instances, cutting out and burning the old 

 canes at the close of one season, followed by thorough spraying 

 during the next, has produced very gratifying results. On the 

 whole, however, when once a plantation has become seriously 

 diseased, the best practice is to destroy it, root and branch, 

 by fire, and start a new plantation elsewhere, using the ut- 

 most care to avoid diseased stock. The thorough use of 

 Bordeaux will, unquestionably, very much prolong the produc- 

 tive life of a plantation which, in the beginning, is free from 

 disease. 



Raspberries. — The same remarks regarding the prevalence of 

 anthracnose on blackberries apply to raspberries. We desire to 

 call special attention to two diseases of raspberries which ap- 

 peared with great severity during the past season, practically 

 ruining the crop in certain localities. The first attacks the 

 fruiting canes and its effects are seen in a sudden wilting of the 

 leaves, accompanied by a blighting and shriveling of the young 

 fruit. Sometimes only a single cane in a stool is affected, but 

 more often the whole stool becomes involved and the canes 

 eventually die back completely. The cause of the trouble is 

 very obscure. Although the symptoms above ground some- 

 times accompany the presence of crown -gall and root -knot 

 below ground, this is not always the case. No fungus has been 

 found constantly associated with the disease and, at present, we 

 can only wait for the work of another season to throw further 

 light upon the trouble, and meanwhile recommend the destruc- 

 tion of diseased plants. 



