Tenth Annual Meeting 



79 



means can it be transferred from one plant to another. It is 

 only in the young stage that it can spread. The female scale 

 is eyeless, wingless and legless, and for that reason it cannot 

 transfer itself after it has once attached itself. All such 

 organs, if they exist, are undeveloped, and all subjected to the 

 development of the mouth, which is proportionately very large, 

 as shown by the lash -like appendage in Fig. 3. 



Turning one of these smaller elongated, foot-shaped scales, 

 we shall find underneath the peculiar looking creature shown 

 in Fig. 4. It is the male insect. In this case it has well- 



FlG. 4. — San Jose scale, adult male, greatly enlarged. (After Howard, circular 

 J, second series, Div. Ent., U. Div. Agr.) 



developed legs, wings, eyes, and feelers such as we find in 

 most insects. At the same time we find all these organs 

 developed at the expense of the mouth. It has practically no 

 mouth at all, and, of course could not talk back if it wanted 

 to. On the other hand, the old lady has this organ well 

 developed, and uses it to good advantage. Owing to the 

 peculiar fact that it has no mouth, we can naturally expect 

 that it takes no food. When this insect reaches maturity it 

 appears usually at night, and in most instances only at night. 

 Having no mouth, of course, the male would have no use for 

 digestive organs, but from the fact that it appears at night we 



