Tenth Annual Meeting ac? 



see the tool you could understand it much better. It works 

 very well and enables you to work close up to the trees. The 

 cultivator is out three or three and a half feet from the horse. 

 That hoe works perfectly as regards the cultivator attachment, 

 which is to the right, and clear away from the horse. It can 

 be guided also perfectly. All the horse has to do is to draw 

 and bear his shoulder against it, thus helping to keep the thing 

 guided, and the man behind can do the rest. That helps to 

 mellow up those strips of ground that are left. 



"This cultivation ought to begin, I believe, early in the 

 spring, before the ground dries off and becomes hard. A day's 

 work done then will answer for as much as a day and a half's 

 work later when the ground is dry. 



"Now as to the method of putting in a crop like clover to 

 remain there in May and June. I tried it in 1899 and I made 

 a mess of it. The ground became dry before I got it down. 

 I do not believe it is wise to wait. I think you better do it 

 in the spring, and get the ground stirred up with the plow 

 and Syracuse hoe. After that you can harrow, but keep har- 

 rowing both lengthwise, crosswise and diagonally, and keep the 

 Syracuse hoe going with this attachment. 



''As to tools, I do not believe, for a harrow, there is any 

 one tool so good as a spring-tooth. In one orchard where the 

 ground is sidling, and most of it slopes somewhat, the spring- 

 tooth harrow is used. That is used with an attachment that 

 will make it cut a little deeper. I do not believe that there are 

 any two tools so good as a plow and harrow, — just the two 

 tools I have mentioned. Still I have in my orchard weeds to 

 take care of. I have to take in another thing. I am using 

 a swivel plow throwing the soil all one way. That would 

 leave a strip of ground on the upper side next the row of 

 trees beyond the plow, and I am calculating to use a common 

 single plow to plow that strip, using a right-hand plow and a 

 left-hand plow once in the spring. After that I can keep it 

 fine with the spring-tooth harrow and the grape hoe. I believe 

 the spring-tooth harrow is used now in all our orchards, and 

 it requires some such tool to allow stones to pass, or sods or 

 clumps of grass to pass without clogging. There may be other 

 tools like the gang-plow, or disc harrows, or cutaway harrows 



