CHAP. XTI. NECESSARIES OF LIFE. 335 



pence the bushel in the year 1351 ; at which 

 time weeders and haymakers were paid at the 

 rate ofQ^d. per day; reapers of corn from 4dL 

 to 6d. per day ; masons and tilers 6^d. and other 

 labourers l^d. per day. The wages to servants 

 employed in husbandry was fixed by the 12th 

 of Richard II. cap. 2., at the following rates. 

 Bailiff, 31 *. and clothing once a year ; a first 

 hind, 21*. 3d. ; carter and shepherd, 21*. 3d. ; 

 cowherd and swineherd, 14*. 4<d. ; a woman, 

 12*. Sd. yearly. It is presumed these wages 

 were besides their food and lodging, though that 

 does not appear by the act. 



By Madox's Formulare Anglicanum, it ap- 

 pears that, in 1425, cows were commonly valued 

 at 16*. per head. 



According to the Chronicon, in 1445, wheat 

 was 6*. 6d. per quarter ; ale at Id. a gallon ; a 

 young swan, 6d. ; a goose 6d. 



The expense of maintenance was propor- 

 tionably low. In the second volume of the 

 Foedera, p. 1016, we find the sum allowed 

 daily, for the maintenance of the bishop of St. 

 Andrews, who in the year 1305 was imprisoned 

 in the Tower for his adherence to his king, 

 Robert Bruce, viz. : 



