CHAP. xin. ON THE TRANSFER OF MONEY. 35.5 



the booty of the captors, which was brought to 

 the public account, besides what was secretly 

 appropriated by individuals, amounted to eight 

 hundred thousand pounds, it is not improbable 

 that the soldiers of the cross may have carried 

 to the east more of the precious metals than 

 ever returned to that division of Europe. Such 

 was the general eagerness to embark on the ex- 

 pedition, that sovereigns pledged their jewels 

 and even their crowns to obtain money for their 

 equipment, that the nobles mortgaged or sold 

 their estates to raise the requisite sums, and the 

 churches and monastic establishments converted 

 into money their ornamental and sacred utensils 

 of gold and silver to aid the great undertaking 

 of rescuing the Holy Land from the power of the 

 unbelievers. Much of the money thus obtained 

 must have been expended in arms, horses, and 

 other articles which their several countries could 

 supply ; much of it would necessarily be ex- 

 pended in long journeys from France, Spain, 

 Britain, and Germany, to the confines of Asia; 

 or in the sea voyage by those who, like the 

 roving Normans, adopted that mode of repairing 

 to the theatre of warlike operations. But still 

 much must have remained and have been ap- 

 plied both by the leaders of the several bodies, 

 and by many individuals in those bodies, to 

 supply the necessaries of life after their arrival 

 in Asia. 



A A 2 



