562 HISTORY OF THE 



Bahamas, eastern Mexico and Central America, into South 

 America. 



SP. CHAR. " Upper parts nearly uniform black, with a whitish scapular stripe 

 and a large white patch in the middle of the wing coverts. An oblong patch in 

 the middle of the crown, and the entire side of the head and neck (including a 

 superciliary stripe from the nostrils), the chin, throat, and fore part of the breast 

 bright orange red. A black stripe from the commissure, passing around the 

 lower half of the eye, and including the ear coverts, with, however, an orange 

 crescent in it, just below the eye, the extreme lid being black. Rest of under 

 parts white, strongly tinged with yellowish orange on the breast and belly, and 

 streaked with black on the sides. Outer three tail feathers white, the shafts 

 and tips dark brown; the fourth and fifth spotted much with white; the other 

 tail feathers and quills almost black. Female similar; the colors duller; the 

 feathers of the upper parts with olivaceous edges. Autumnal males resemble 

 the females. They have two white bands instead of one; the black stripes on the 

 sides are larger; under parts yellowish; the throat yellowish, passing into purer 

 yellow behind. Autumnal young birds have the same pattern of coloration, but 

 the dark portions are dull grayish umber, with the streaks very obsolete, and 

 the light parts dull buffy white, tinged with yellow on the jugulum; there is 

 neither clear black, bright yellow, nor pure white on the plumage, except the 

 latter on the wing bauds and tail patches." 



Stretch of 

 Length. -wing. Wing. Tail. Tarsus. Bill. 



Male 5.00 8.15 2.60 1.90 .70 .40 



Female... 4.75 7.90 2.50 1.80 .70 .40 



Iris, legs, feet and claws dark brown; bill black, with base of 

 forks of under white. 



This beautiful Warbler inhabits the deep woods, seldom fre- 

 quenting the open woodlands and orchards, and is usually more 

 common, especially in the middle and eastern portions of its 

 range, than generally supposed to be; a rather silent, solitary, 

 retiring bird, that feeds chiefly in the treetops, where it flits 

 among the leaves in its search for food, and chases the winged 

 insects much like the restless Redstart. For its summer home 

 it selects the coniferous forests, where its song, consisting of a 

 few pleasing, warbling notes, that ends in a squeaky manner, is 

 often heard. Its call note is a rather sharp "Tsip." Mr. 

 Brewster, on "Birds of Winchendon, Massachusetts," gives the 

 following interesting description of a nest, its eggs, etc. : 



"On both high and low ground, wherever there were spruces 

 in any numbers, whether by themselves or mixed with other 

 trees, and also to some extent where the growth was entirely of 



