60S HISTORY OF THE 



under flat rocks, or in crevices in rocky ledges. Eggs four to 

 nine, .76x.60; crystal white, sparingly speckled with reddish 

 brown, chiefly aggregating at and forming a wreath around the 

 larger end; in form, oval. 



GENUS THRYOTHORUS VIEILLOT. 



"Bill compressed, rather slender; height about one-fourth the length above. 

 Culmen and commissure gently curved throughout; gonys straight; tip very ob- 

 soletely notched. Nostrils in the lower edge of anterior extremity of the nasal 

 groove, narrowly elliptical, overhung by a stiff, scale-like roof of the thickened 

 membrane of the upper part of the nasal groove, the crescentic edge rounded; 

 the septum of nostrils imperforate; the posterior part of the nasal cavity with a 

 short septum projecting into it parallel with the central, not perpendicular, as 

 in Microc&rculus. Wings and tail about equal, the latter moderately rounded; 

 the first primary more than half the second, about half the longest. Tarsi rather 

 short, scarcely exceeding middle toe; anterior scutella distinct, rest of each side 

 of tarsi in a continuous plate. Lateral toes equal." 



SUBGENUS THRYOTHORUS. 



Feathers of rump with very distinct, concealed white spots; tail feathers 

 rusty brownish, narrowly barred for entire length with dusky and lighter rusty. 

 (Ridgway.) 



Tb.ryotb.orus ludovicianus (LATH.). 



CAROLINA WREN. 

 PLATE XXXIV. 



Kesident; abundant in the eastern part of the State; rare in 

 the western portion. Begin laying early in April. 



B. 265. R. 60. C. 68. G. 23, 310. U. 718. 



HABITAT. Eastern United States, except southern Florida 

 (where it is replaced by T. ludovicianus miamensis)', north to 

 southern New England and southern Nebraska; west to the 

 Great Plains; south into northeastern Mexico; breeds through- 

 out its range, and a resident, except in its extreme northern 

 limits. 



SP. CHAB. "Exposed portion of the bill shorter than the head. Above, 

 reddish brown, most vivid on the rump. A whitish streak over the eye, bor- 

 dered above with dark brown. Throat whitish; rest of under parts pale yel- 

 low rusty, darkest toward the under tail coverts, which are conspicuously 

 barred with black. Exposed surface of the wings and tail ( including the upper 

 coverts) barred throughout with brown, the outer edges of tail feathers and, 

 quills showing series of alternating whitish and dusky spots." 



Stretch of 

 Length. wing. Wing. Tail. Tarsus. Bill. 



Male 5.70 7.80 2.40 2.20 .80 .65 



Female. . 5.30 7.40 2.25 2.00 .78 .60 



