82 FRUIT TREES AND THEIR ENEMIES 



sometimes spin scanty cocoons, or may merely attach 

 themselves to leaves by their tail-ends, and become 

 black pupct with yellow bands, from which the moths 

 emerge in late July and August. The caterpillar is 

 of a creamy or yellow colour, with black spots along 

 the back and sides, and an orange-red stripe below. 

 It is a looper, and is over one inch in length. 



Remedies. — Either weak emulsion or arsenate should 

 be used in the spring as soon as the caterpillars 

 appear, and again in September, to kill the young 

 larvcE. All hibernating caterpillars, either on the 

 bushes or amongst the leaves on the ground, etc., 

 should be destroyed in winter. 



Gooseberry Red Spider {Bryobia, sp. ?). — This is a 

 minute mite, either red, grey or brown, with four 

 pairs of legs, the front ones long. It is clearly visible 

 to the naked eye. It is often seen in enormous 

 numbers in March and April. In May and June it 

 lays small shining red eggs on the bushes, etc., and 

 these remain unchanged till the following year, hatch- 

 ing in February into minute six-legged reddish young, 

 which remain closely huddled together in crevices in 

 the wood, where they escape notice. 



Remedies. — Spray with one of the caustic emulsions, 

 or a paraffin emulsion of the same strength, but with 

 the caustic soda omitted, about the beginning of 

 March. Besides killing the young mites, the former 

 will be beneficial in destroying the sheltering-places 

 for the eggs. If the mites appear after this treatment, 

 there should be a further application of a weak 

 emulsion without soda. 



