FESTS 91 



legs), which do not spin webs, both occur on plums 

 and apples, often in large numbers, and these may 

 be directly responsible for damage to the trees. 

 Tetranychus telarius is destructive in greenhouses. 



All these red spiders have eight legs when adult, 

 and six when young. 



Remedies. — Spray with any weak emulsion, or with 

 potassium sulphide and soft soap (24). 



Leaf-Hoppers {TypJilocyba querats^ Chlorita flavescens 

 and Chlorita vii'idiila). — These insects, which are 

 winged when mature, sometimes swarm in such 

 numbers on plums and apples that they make the 

 gathering of the fruit a matter of great difficulty, by 

 jumping and flying on to the faces of the pickers. 

 They feed by sucking the sap from the under side of 

 the leaves, causing these to become pale, as if the tree 

 was suffering from silver leaf When nuts are at- 

 tacked by them, the leaves show ragged irregular cuts 

 and holes. The first of the leaf-hoppers mentioned 

 above is very pale brown, spotted with orange and 

 red ; the other two are yellowish. They lay their eggs 

 on the under sides of the leaves, and the larvae, after 

 hibernating, attack the young leaves in the early 

 summer of the following year. Eventually they 

 assume the perfect winged form. 



Remedies. — Spray the trees with any weak emul- 

 sion: this stupefies the insects, and they fall on to 

 the ground. They may then be destroyed by spraying 

 them while there with an emulsion containing 20 to 

 30 per cent, of paraffin. 



Silver Leaf {Stereum purpiireinii). — This attacks 



