eh aio me: - 
M. Miiller on the Formation of Starch. 75 
sarily become hollow. It appears however as if the external la- 
mina of the periphery of the cytoblast is always composed of a 
harder but still not homogeneous structure. I have often ob- 
served, that when there was only one cytoblast present in the 
primary cell, it was encircled by the cytoblastema in which it 
could be moved like a loose nucleus by rolling the cell to and fro. 
This formation and expansion of the cytoblasts occurs in the 
primary cell in the greatest variety as regards number and size, 
I have often been able to count seven cytoblasts of the smallest 
and largest sizes in a single primary cell. 
If a cell contains a single cytoblast only, this is usually oval, 
and as well as its cell-membrane preserves that form during its 
expansion ; but if it contains several, the form is dependent upon 
their number and arrangement. This form in the nucleus of 
Chara is somewhat triangular and compressed, especially in the 
larger cytoblasts. In the smaller ones it is generally very angu- 
lar. The position of the cytoblasts in the parent cell itself varies 
considerably. They either lie in‘contact, if there are two, or one 
lies at right angles to the other (7. e. if the form is oval ; for when 
_ simple globules they must necessarily lie in contact). Hence they 
are either situated close together or at adistance. If however the 
primary cytoblast has expanded considerably, so that it almost fills 
up the cell, it frequently happens that the other cytoblasts widen 
the membrane of the parent cell still more, according to their 
own extent. Hence the parent cell acquires numerous projections 
which always contain their own cytoblasts. Frequently two large 
eytoblasts exist in one cell and dilate it in two opposite direc- 
tions. Thus the cell-membrane becomes somewhat contracted in 
the middle; and thus the forms of the cytoblasts in the parent 
cell become changed in various ways, that of the mother-cells 
being also altered. It can readily be comprehended from the 
hollowness of the cytoblast, that within the cytoblasts which have 
become conyerted into starch, a new deposit of the eytoblastema 
in the form of starch may occur. It has appeared to me, that 
in Chara this deposition constantly occurs in the form of minute 
granules, but this requires to be confirmed by further observa- 
tions. I have remarked in my paper on the history of the deve- 
lopment of Chara that the cytoblasts thus converted into starch 
subsequently become fissured. 
It has also been lately observed by Schaffner im a paper on the 
growth of cells, that the eytoblasts become hollowed. He noticed 
it in Chara and in Nitelle (Nitella flewilis),—as it appears to me in 
the internodial cells between every two cells,—where, as we know, 
the starch is deposited in considerable masses for the future for- 
mation of new cells. But if he supposes that new cells with 
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