Dr. A. Giinther 07i the British Charrs. 239 



Salmo cambricus. 



(The Torgoch of Llanberris.) 



Body slightly compressed and elongate, its greatest depth being 

 one-fifth, or two-ninths, of the distance of the snout from the root 

 of the caudal fin ; the length of the head is considerably more than 

 one-half of the distance of the snout from the vertical from the 

 origin of the dorsal. Head rather depressed, interorbital space flaty 

 its width being less than twice the diameter of the eye. Male with 

 the lower jaw longest ; teeth of moderate strength, — six in each in- 

 termaxillary, twenty in each maxillary. Length of the pectoral less 

 than that of the head, much more than one-half of the distance 

 between its root and that of the ventral. Dorsal rays thirteen 

 (fourteen). 170 transverse series of scales above the lateral line. 

 Sides with numerous red dots, belly red; pectoral, ventral, and 

 anal with white margins. 



Salmo Grayi. 



(The Freshwater Herring of Lough Melvin.) 



Body compressed, slightly elevated, its greatest depth being one- 

 fourth of the distance of the snout from the end of the middle caudal 

 rays ; the length of the head is scarcely more than one-half of the 

 distance of the snout from the vertical from the origin of the dorsal. 

 Head compressed; interorbital space convex, its width being less 

 than twice the diameter of the eye. Jaws of the male of equal length 

 anteriorly ; teeth very small, four in each intermaxillary, sixteen in 

 the maxillary. Length of the pectoral equal to, or rather more than, 

 that of the head, terminating at no great distance from the ventral. 

 Dorsal rays thirteen or fourteen. 1 25 transverse series of scales above 

 the lateral line. Sides with scattered light-orange-coloured dots ; belly 

 uniform silvery whitish, or with a hght-reddish shade ; fins blackish. 



The typical specimens were taken in the beginning of November, 

 evidently with a net ; the state of their sexual organs shows that 

 the spawning commences at that time of the year. It must be very 

 difficult to catch the fishes after the middle of November, partly be- 

 cause they retire into the deeper parts of the lake, and partly because 

 the attempts to set nets are frustrated by the stormy weather of the 

 season. Repeated endeavours to obtain more specimens, made by the 

 Earl of Enniskillen, proved to be unsuccessful. In a letter from 

 Mr. J. Walker, this gentleman mentions that he saw one taken with 

 a fly in the month of August. 



The Earl of Enniskillen mentions, in a letter directed to Mr. 

 Thompson, that the ** Freshwater Herring" is plentiful in the middle 

 of November. " The people are now taking them in cartloads. 

 The flesh of such as I send is white and soft, and different from 

 what that of Charr is in any other lough." Mr. Thompson* saw 

 the female ; and, according to him, it is externally not diff^erent from 

 the male. The ovaria contained 959 ova in a specimen 1 1 inches in 

 length, each being two Hues in diameter. 



Number of vertebrae sixty, as ascertained by Thompson in a male 

 and a female fish, and by myself in two males. 



* Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1841, vi. p. 443. 



