Dr. W. Baird on new Species of Phyllopodom Crustacea, 391 



both adult and immature birds appear liable to have their plumage 

 exceedingly bleached by the action of the tropical sun ; but it is 

 remarkable that the feathers composing the occipital crest in Aquila 

 JDesmursii appear to retain their original tint, notwithstanding the 

 partial loss of colour from the above cause in the portions of the 

 plumage immediately adjacent. It should also be remarked that, in 

 some immature specimens, nearly the whole under surface is of a 

 very pale whitish brown — a variation from the ordinary darker co- 

 louring which cannot be accounted for by the efifect of sun and 

 weather only. 



fn conclusion, I will add the remarks on this species communi- 

 cated to me by M. Jules Verreaux, which are as follows: — "Ac- 

 cording to the notes of the collectors, the irides of the adult birds 

 are of a chestnut-brown tinged with yellow ; whilst in the young 

 birds the yellow tint is absent, and the brown is deeper, with but 

 little tinge of chestnut. The natives (at Bissao) give the name of 

 * Socolas' to this species only, it being well known to them as a very 

 courageous bird, attacking even the small Gazelles {Cephalophorus 

 Maxwelli) which inhabit the same locahties, and also preying on 

 various birds, and especially the Francolinus hicalcaratus,^* 



Descriptions of seven New Species of Phyllopodous 

 Crustaceans, belonging to the Genera Estheria and 

 LiMNETis. By W. Baird, M.D., F.L.S. 



1. Estheria Jonesi, Baird. 



Carapace of a comparatively hard, horny structure, and of a dark- 

 brown colour. Valves ventricose, rounded, ovate. Umbones pro- 

 minent, nearly central, but a Uttle nearer the anterior extremity ; in- 

 volute and representing exactly those of a bivalve shell. Dorsal margin 

 short ; ventral rounded. Anterior extremity swollen, rounded, 

 shorter than posterior extremity^ which is somewhat compressed and 

 rounded. Ribs numerous and narrow. Those of the upper half of 

 carapace, from the umbo downwards, strongly developed, the edges 

 being raised and strongly beaded ; the interstices hollow, and more 

 sparsely dotted with rather small irregular-sized punctations. Ribs 

 of lower half of carapace, as far as the ventral margin, much smaller 

 than those of upper half, narrower, and much more numerous ; they 

 are punctate also ; but the interstices are so very narrow that no 

 sculpture can be seen. Internally the surface is quite smooth, and 

 of a dark-purple colour. 



Length of carapace, 6 lines ; breadth at umbo, nearly 5 lines. 



Hab. Brackish water. Island of Cuba {Br, Bunker). Commu- 

 nicated by T. R. Jones, Esq. {Mus. Brit.) 



2. Estheria Dunkeri, Baird. 



Carapace-valves broadly ovate and somewhat elongate. Umbones 

 prominent, and placed at some distance (rather more than a third) 

 from anterior extremity. Dorsal margin short, rather sloping. 

 Ventral margin nearly straight, or only slightly rounded. Anterior 

 extremity swollen, very convex, and rounded. Posterior extremity 



