92 Dr. A. Philippi’s Zoological Notices. 
strongly developed in those species which live in sand, as for 
instance, Clavagella bacillaris. 
Puate III. Fig. 1. Clavagella Balanorum, Scac. Sitting in a mass formed 
for the greatest part of Balani overgrown with Sponges, Ser- 
ule, &c., in natural size somewhat contracted; the one 
wall of the cavity is removed. 
a. The fissure in the mantle, through which the foot is exserted. 
Fig. 2. The animal is removed ; the left shell cohering with the tube is 
seen, upon which the two muscular impressions are indicated. 
The points e. are the apertures of the spinoid tubes. 
Fig. 3. The end of the siphons, magnified, to show that the common 
part of it possesses its peculiar fringed border, 
Fig. 4. The animal killed in spirits, much contracted, lying on the 
right shell. 
a. The mantle fissure for the foot. 
b. The rudimentary ligament. 
c, d. The two adductors. 
Fig. 5. The same, the mantle cut open in the neighbourhood of the 
ventral line, and thrown back. The branchie, the foot d, the 
appendices buccales, of which only the two of the one side 
are represented, are seen. 
Fig. 6. The foot with the belly or intestinal mass of the animal, mag- 
nified. 
2. The genus Zoé is the first state of Pagurus. (Fig. 7. and 8.) 
No genus among the Crustacea is perhaps more remark- 
able, and has more exercised the ingenuity of naturalists 
with respect to the place it must occupy in the System, than 
the curious animal discovered by Bosc, and named by him 
Zoé, and but exceedingly few naturalists have seen it again 
after him. He placed it between the Branchiopoda and the 
Flea-crabs (Flohkrebse) ; Latreille, in the first edition of Cu- 
vier’s ‘ Régne Animal,’ in the order Branchiopoda, between 
Polyphemus and Cyclops ; at the same time expressing the opi- 
nion that it might perhaps belong to the division of the Schi- 
zopoda. This latter opinion was adopted by Leach, but most 
zoologists have placed Zoé among the Branchiopods. To 
these doubts respecting the nature of this animal a new one 
associated itself, by Mr. Thompson announcing that these cu- 
rious animals were nothing more than the larve of the com- 
mon crab (Carcinus Menas), which underwent a true meta- 
morphosis. This opinion was strongly opposed by Mr. West- 
wood. Lastly, Milne-Edwards is of opinion (see Lamarck, 
‘Hist. Nat. des Anim. sans Vert.’ edit. 2. vol. v. p. 195.) that 
Zoé might indeed only be the young state of a species of De- 
capod, but belonging probably to his division of the Ano- 
moura (in which he includes Dromia, Homola, Albunea, Pa- 
gurus, &c.). Accident has afforded me the opportunity of 
