Freshwater Mollusca of Ireland. 205 
Limax carinatus. 
Limax Sowerbii, Férus. ? 
La Bergerie; Monivea; county Galway, under stones in fields, and 
in tufted plants in gardens. There is not any figure in Férussac to 
which I could refer the La B. varieties (if they are varieties). Nor 
does Mr. Gray’s description agree well with them ; the word << tes- 
selated ’’ does not accurately describe the distribution of their co- 
lours. Their head and tentacles are never “black,” but always 
gray, or blueish-gray. The usual colour is yellowish-brown, often 
approaching to dusky, sides pale, gray clouded with light yellow, 
head and tentacles blueish-gray. 
Variety. Deep dusky or nearly black, sides pale gray, head and 
tentacles blueish-gray. 
The young have the keel yellow-coloured, which in adults is 
generally the same colour as the back. ‘The extreme dark colour 
of the variety led me at first to confound it with the L. gagates of 
Férus. He remarks of one of the varieties of L. gagates, ‘ Elle est 
d’un gris bluatre ou nouratre...... plus pale lateralement.” Ihave 
seen but a single individual in Monivea; it was identical with the 
variety. 
The internal shells are a size smaller than those of L. agrestis ; 
they have no membrane on the edge, are opake, much thicker, and 
not concave; the peculiar thickening process in the centre gives 
them the appearance of having a marginal zone, or as if a smaller 
sized shell were placed on the top and centre of the larger, leaving 
a rather broad margin, which is usually of a rufous colour towards 
the top. 
I find that this species is capable of forming a slimy thread in 
the same manner as L. filans. Waving placed one on a laurel, I 
was surprised by seeing it forthwith make use of this means for 
conveying itself in safety to the ground. I have since succeeded in 
making other individuals act ina similar way. ‘The spinning li- 
maces may be easily forced to do so by leaving them on an ever- 
green or other tree which may not be congenial to their tastes, when 
they will speedily effect their escape in this manner. 
[ Mr. Clarke has favoured me with living specimens of this Limaz, 
from La Bergerie, and judging from descriptions and figures, I should 
not hesitate to consider it L. Sowerbii. A species, similarly keeled 
from the shield to the tail, and of which a very few specimens were 
obtained near Clifden, Connemara, during a tour made to the west 
of Ireland, in July 1840, by Mr. R. Ball, Mr. E. Forbes, and my- 
self, corresponds more nearly with the L. gagates, as described and 
figured by Draparnaud, than with the British descriptions of L. 
Sowerbit. They are from half an inch to an inch in length, the 
head, back and sides blackish, the foot pale gray; in one individual 
the dorsal keel was narrowly margined with yellow. They were all 
found under stones in wet places.—W. T.] 
Note.—On looking over the Appendix to Mr. Gray’s edition of 
Turton, I find he quotes M. Bouchard Chantreux, in observing, 
that ‘‘ the young of Arion ater is dull brown, with yellowish sides,”’ 
