PLANTS CULTIVATED FOR THEIR SUBTERRANEAN PARTS. G9 



took its name from Ascalon, in Judaea; but Dr. Fournier^ 

 thinks that the Latin author mistook the meaning of the 

 word Askalonion of Theophrastus. However this may 

 be, the word has been retained in modern languages under 

 the form o^echalote in French, chalote in Spanish, scalogno 

 in Italian, Aschaluch or Eschlaucli in German. 



In 1855 I had spoken of the species as follows : ^ — 

 "According to Roxburgh,^ Alliutn asccdonicuin is 

 much cultivated in India. The Sanskrit name pidanclw 

 is attributed to it, a word nearly identical with palandu, 

 attributed to A. Cepa.^ Evidently the distinction be- 

 tween the two species is not clear in Indian or Anglo- 

 Indian works. 



" Loureiro says he saw Allium asccdonicum cul- 

 tivated in Cochin-China,^ but he does not mention 

 China, and Thunberg does not indicate this species in 

 Japan. Its cultivation, therefore, is not universal in the 

 east of Asia. This fact, and the doubt about the Sanskrit 

 name, lead me to think that it is not ancient in Southern 

 Asia. Neither, in spite of the name of the species, am I 

 convinced that it existed in Western Asia. Rauwolf, 

 Forskal, and Delile do not mention it in Siberia, in Arabia, 

 or in Egypt. Linnaeus ^ mentions Hasselquist as having 

 found the species in Palestine. Unfortunately, he gives 

 no details about the localit}'', nor about its wild condition. 

 In the Travels of Hasselquist ^ I find a Ce2xo "inontana 

 mentioned as growing on Mount Tabor and on a neighbour- 

 ing mountain, but there is nothing to prove that it was 

 this species. In his article on the onions and garlics of 

 the Hebrews he mentions only AUiaon Cepa, then A. 

 porrum and A. sativuon. Sibthorp did not find it in 

 Greece,^ and Fraas ^ does not mention it as now cultivated 



* He will treat of this in a publication entitled Ciharia, whicb will 

 shortl}'^ appear. 



2 Geog. Bof. Raisonnee, p. 829. 



3 Roxburgh, FL hid.) edit. 1832, vol. ii. p. 142. 

 ■* Piddington, Index. 



^ Loureiro, Fl. Cochin., p. 251. 



* Lmnceus, Species, p. 429. 



^ Hasselquisr, Voy. and Trav., 17^6, pp. 281, 282. 



8 Sibthorp, Frodr, " Fraas, Sjn. Fl. Class., p. 291. 



