106 ORIGIN OF CULTIVATED PLANTS. 



The species existed, therefore, in Asia, in the land 

 of the Aryan nations ; but no Sanskrit name is known, 

 whence it may be inferred that it was not cultivated. 



Crimson or Itaiian Clover — Trifolium incarnatuTii, 

 Linna3us. 



An annual plant grown for fodder, whose cultivation, 

 says Vilmorin, long confined to a few of the southern 

 departments, becomes every day more common in France.^ 

 De Candolle, at the beginning of the present century, 

 had only seen it in the department of Ariege.^ It has 

 existed for about sixty years in the neighbourhood of 

 Geneva. Targioni does not think that it is of ancient 

 date in Italy ,^ and the trivial name trafoglio strengthens 

 his opinion. 



The Catalan fe, fencli^ and, in the patois of the south 

 of France,^ farradje (Roussillon), farratage (Languedoc), 

 feroutge (Gascony), whence the French name f avouch, 

 have, on the other hand, an original character, which 

 indicates an ancient cultivation round the Pyrenees. 

 The term which is sometimes used, " clover of Roussillon," 

 also shows this. 



The wild plant exists in Galicia, in Biscaya, and 

 Catalonia,^ but not in the Balearic Isles ; "^ it is found 

 in Sardinia ^ and in the province of Algiers.^ It appears 

 in several localities in France, Italy, and Dalmatia, in 

 the valley of the Danube and Macedonia, but in many 

 cases it is not known whether it may not have strayed 

 from neighbouring cultivation. A singular locality in 

 which it appears to be indigenous, according to English 

 authors, is on the coast of Cornwall, near the Lizard. 

 In this place, according to Bentham, it is the pale yellow 

 variety, which is truly wild on the Continent, while the 



* Bon Jardinier, 1880, pt. i. p. G18. 



'^ De Candolle, Fl. Franr., iv. p. 528. 

 ' Targioni, Cenni Storici, p. 35. 



* Costa, Intro. Fl. di CataL, p. GO. 



* Moritzi, Diet. 3IS., compiled from floras published before the 

 middle of the present century. 



^ Willkomni and Lange, Prodr. Fl. Ilisp.y in. p. 3G6. 

 ^ Mares and Virgineix, Catal., 1880. 



* Moris, FL Sard., i. p. 4G7. ^ Munby, Catal., edit. 2. 



