LIFE AND MIND 



of outer relations which it is designed to bal- 

 ance. But it is only in the higher vertebrates, 

 whose cephaHc ganglia are sufficiently large and 

 complex to enable them to form ideal represen- 

 tations of outer relations not immediately pre- 

 sent, that there is witnessed a decided extension 

 of the correspondence in time. Dogs and foxes 

 exhibit a well-marked anticipation of future 

 events, in hiding food to be eaten hereafter. But 

 it is first in the human race that such foresight 

 becomes highly conspicuous ; and the difference 

 between civilized and savage men in this respect 

 is probably even more marked than the differ- 

 ence between savage men and the higher allied 

 mammals. There are strong reasons for believ- 

 ing that the more complex correspondences in 

 time are chiefly effected by the cerebrum, while 

 the more complex correspondences in space are 

 chiefly affected by the cerebellum. And if this 

 be the case, we may understand why it is that 

 in the course of human progress the increase of 

 the cerebrum in size and complexity has been 

 so much greater than the increase of the cere- 

 bellum. In no other respect is civilized man 

 so widely distinguished from the savage, as in 

 his habitual adjustment of his daily actions to 

 contingencies likely to arise in a more or less 

 distant future. But here we touch upon an 

 important theorem of sociology, which I shall 

 hereafter consider at greater length. 



135 



