THE EVOLUTION OF MIND 



tion, our theory of psychical evolution is as yet 

 by no means complete. Concerning the relations 

 of Mind to Life, and concerning the Composi- 

 tion and Evolution of Mind in general, we have 

 obtained many valuable results. But nothing 

 has as yet been said concerning the especial 

 mode of genesis of those highest manifestations 

 of thought and feeling which distinguish civil- 

 ized man. This problem must be duly treated 

 before our account of psychical evolution can 

 be regarded as complete even in outline. Upon 

 questions of this sort, however, we are not yet 

 prepared to enter. Those highest manifestations 

 of thought and feeling which distinguish civi- 

 lized man from inferior mammals, and in a less- 

 marked degree from uncivilized man, are the 

 products of countless ages of social evolution ; 

 and before we can hope to understand their 

 mode of genesis, we must see what are the 

 teachings of history and psychology concerning 

 the character of social evolution in general. 



Having shown how, starting from a relatively 

 low degree of sociality, a relatively high degree 

 is attained in conformity to the general theory 

 of Life as Adjustment, we shall be better enabled 

 to comprehend the genesis of that lowest degree 

 of sociality, the attainment of which was the 

 decisive step which first raised Man above the 

 level of the Brutes. The four following chap- 

 ters will therefore be concerned with Sociology ; 



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