CHAPTER XIX 

 ILLUSTRATIONS AND CRITICISMS ^ 



THE discussion contained in the fore- 

 going chapter has shown to what a 

 notable extent the phenomena of social 

 evolution may be expressed, with the strictest 

 accuracy, by formulas originally invented to de- 

 scribe the evolution of life in general. Let us 

 briefly review the results which we have already 

 obtained. 



First, we saw that social as well as organic 

 evolution consists in the continuous adaptation 

 of the community, or organism, to the environ- 

 ment. Or, expressing the same thing in other 

 words, social progress is a continuous establish- 

 ment of inner relations in conformity to outer 

 relations. 



Secondly, we saw that in the course of this 

 adaptation the community, like the organism, 

 continually increases in definite heterogeneity, 

 through successive differentiations and integra- 

 tions. 



Thirdly, we saw that in the community, as in 

 the organism, the increase in internal heteroge- 

 1 [See Introduction, § 24.] 



